LOCATION WYICK              TX

WYICK SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, hyperthermic Oxyaquic Haplustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Wyick fine sandy loam, .3 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 30 m (102 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3), moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots and many very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; 2 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores at the contact between with Bt1 horizon; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 30 cm thick [4 to 12 in])

Bt1--15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; very firm, very hard, very sticky, very plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 1 percent distinct brown (10YR 4/3) sand coats on vertical faces of peds; 10 percent distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; 8 percent fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--30 to 53 cm (12 to 21 in); gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam, gray (10YR 6/1), moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very firm, very hard, very sticky, very plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay films on all faces of peds; 2 percent medium distinct black (7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of manganese with sharp boundaries in matrix; 3 percent medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; 10 percent medium and coarse prominent yellow (10YR 7/8) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt3--53 to 76 cm (21 to 30 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2), moist; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very firm, moderately hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 2 percent faint sand coats on all faces of peds; 15 percent distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent by volume wormcasts; 3 percent fine and medium distinct very dark brown (10YR 2/2) masses of manganese with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 1 percent fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries surrounding masses of manganese; 1 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; 5 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 48 to 84 cm [19 to 33 in].)

Btk1--76 to 145 cm (30 to 57 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), moist; moderate medium and coarse prismatic parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; very firm, moderately hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 5 percent distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on vertical faces of peds; 1 percent distinct insect casts; 5 percent fine threadlike masses of calcium carbonate; 15 percent medium and coarse masses of calcium carbonate; 5 percent fine and medium nodules of calcium carbonate embedded in masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of manganese with sharp boundaries lining pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Btk2--145 to 188 cm (57 to 74 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), moist; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; very firm, moderately hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common very fine roots; 10 percent distinct pressure faces; 15 percent faint light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron-manganese with sharp boundaries in matrix; 2 percent fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of manganese with sharp boundaries in matrix; 7 percent fine threadlike masses of calcium carbonate; 5 percent medium nodules of calcium carbonate embedded in masses of calcium carbonate; 10 percent medium and coarse masses of calcium carbonate; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Btk3--188 to 203 cm (74 to 80 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky structure; very firm, moderately hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; 5 percent distinct pressure faces; 20 percent distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine and medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron-manganese with clear boundaries infused into matrix along faces of peds; 3 percent fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of manganese with sharp boundaries in matrix; 1 percent medium nodules of calcium carbonate embedded in masses of calcium carbonate; 10 percent medium and coarse masses of calcium carbonate masses; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline. (Combined thickness of the Btk horizons is 97 to 155 cm [38 to 61 in])

TYPE LOCATION: Goliad County, Texas; from the Refugio and Goliad County Line Marker on Texas Highway 239; 1 mile west on Texas Highway 239 to gate on south side of road; 1.8 miles southwest on ranch road; located about 100 feet east in rangeland; Latitude: 28 degrees, 32 minutes, 25 seconds N; Longitude: 97 degrees, 12 minutes, 3.4 seconds W; Lott Lake topographic quadrangle; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 in). These soils remain dry in the soil moisture control section for more than 90 cumulative days. The dry period occurs during the late winter and early spring months. These soils are moist during the late summer and fall months.

Mean annual soil temperature: 22.2 to 23.4 degrees C (72 to 74 degrees F)
Depth to abrupt textural change: 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 48 to 84 cm (19 to 33 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 27 to 34 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.60 to 0.70

A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam or loamy fine sand
Clay content: 5 to 12 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-0 to 4 percent, color-shades of brown
Reaction: strongly acid or moderately acid

Bt horizon--upper part
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay
Clay content: 32 to 45 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 8 percent, color-shades of brown or yellow
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 2 percent, color-shades of gray
Reaction: moderately acid or slightly acid

Bt horizon--lower part
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam
Clay content: 22 to 32 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 15 percent, color-shades of brown, yellow or red
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 4 percent, color-shades of gray
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Btk horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam or loam
Clay content: 22 to 32 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 15 percent, color-shades of brown, yellow
Iron depletions: amount- 0 to 2 percent, color-shades of gray
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 15 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-5 to 15, size-fine to coarse, kind-masses or nodules
Effervescence: noneffervescent to slightly effervescent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are the no series in the same family. Similar soils are the Brennan (TX), Duval (TX), Headrick (TX), Lozano (TX), Lyford (TX), Premont (TX), Raisin (TX) and Sarco (TX) series.

Brennan and Duval soils: are in a drier climate
Headrick soils: have an active CEC/clay class and are in a thermic temperature regime
Lozano, Lyford, and Vidauri soils: are wet for longer periods
Premont soils: are well drained and do not have masses of oxidized iron in the upper part of the argillic horizon
Raisin soils: are well drained
Sarco series: have coarse sand or sand surface layers and support a different plant community.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: fluviomarine deposits of Early Pleistocene age
Landform: flats on the coastal plain
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 762 to 914 mm (30 to 36 in)
Mean annual temperature: 21 to 21.5 degrees C (70 to 71 degrees F)
Precipitation pattern: The majority of rainfall occurs from May to October. The driest period is from November to April.
Frost-free period: 280 to 305 days
Elevation: 15.2 to 30.5 m (50 to 100 feet)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 40 to 46

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Greta (T), Inari (T), Orelia, and Vidauri series.
Greta soils: have a higher sodium adsorption ratio and are on flats.
Inari soils: have a mollic epipedon and are on abandoned meander scrolls.
Orelia soils: have a mollic epipedon and are on flats.
Vidauri soils: have gray colors due to wetness and are on weakly defined drainageways.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is slow. Runoff is medium. These soils remain saturated for at least 30 cumulative days from 15 to 61 cm (6 to 24 in) during the late summer and fall months in normal years. Aquic conditions do not occur in most years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used almost exclusively for livestock grazing. A few areas are used for pasture. Native vegetation for these prairie soils include grasses such as rattail smutgrass, bahiagrass, seacoast bluestem, silver bluestem, bristlegrasses, balsamscale, mouring lovegrass, hairy grama, threeawn, and annuals. Forbs include snoutbean, croton, partridge pea and annuals. A few widely scattered, scrubby live oak and mesquite trees have encroached in some areas. (Ecological site name: Claypan Prairie 28-44" Pz; Ecological site number: R150AY528TX)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Gulf Coast Prairies (MLRA 150A in LRR T) on the coastal plain of Texas from the tributaries of the San Antonio River to the Mission River. Series is of moderate extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Refugio County, Texas; 1984.

REMARKS: .These soils were formerly included in the Edna, Vidauri, and Orelia series. The series was reclassified in 2006 based on lab data and soil moisture monitoring.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle size control section: 15 to 66 cm (6 to 26 in). (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in). (A horizons)
Argillic horizon: 15 to 203 cm (6 to 80 in. (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Btk1, Btk2, and Btk3 horizons)
Calcic horizon: 76 to 203 cm (30 to 80 in) (Btk1, Btk2, Btk3 horizons)

Additional Comments:
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S03TX-175-002 from Goliad County, Texas.

ADDITIONAL DATA: National Soil Survey Laboratory data exists on pedon ID S03TX-175-002 from the type location. Additional data National Soil Survey Laboratory data exists on pedon ID S01TX-175-001. Soil moisture monitoring data collected from site of pedon ID S01TX-175-001.

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006