LOCATION WOODBINE ILEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Woodbine silt loam on a southeast-facing, convex, 4 percent slope under mixed hardwoods at an elevation of about 258 meters (848) feet above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [5 to 13 cm (2 to 5 inches) thick]
E--10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak thin platy structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; common fine roots; many distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) dry, silt coatings on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches) thick]
BE--28 to 48 cm (11 to 19 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak medium platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; many distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) dry, silt coatings on faces of peds; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches) thick]
2Bt1--48 to 69 cm (19 to 27 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam containing about 15 percent sand; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) dry, silt coatings and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt2--69 to 99 cm (27 o 39 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
2Bt3--99 to 109 cm (39 to 43 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)]
3Bt4--109 to 117 cm (43 to 46 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) silty clay; moderate fine angular blocky structure; very firm; few distinct black (5YR 2.5/1) organic stains and few faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [5 to 25 centimeters (2 to 10 inches) thick]
3R--117 cm (46 inches); brownish yellow 10YR 6/6 and 10YR 6/8 level bedded dolomitic limestone.
TYPE LOCATION: Stephenson County, Illinois; about 1/4 mile northeast of Scioto Mills; 150 feet west and 400 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 11, T. 27 N., R. 7 E.; USGS Freeport West topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 21 minutes 30 seconds N., and long. 89 degrees 39 minutes 45 seconds W., NAD 27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum commonly is 102 to 127 cm (40 to 50 inches) thick but ranges to 152 cm (60 inches). The loess typically is 25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 inches) thick, the drift is 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) thick, and their combined thickness is about 91 to 127 cm (36 to 50 inches). The depth to limestone bedrock ranges from 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) and is considered to be a lithic contact. The dominant clay mineral in the loess and upper part of the 2Bt horizon is smectite. Illite increases with depth and becomes the dominant clay mineral in the lower part of the 2Bt horizon. The particle-size control section (weighted average) contains 27 to 35 percent clay and 15 to 35 percent fine sand or coarser material.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is commonly silt loam, but ranges to loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The E horizon (where present) has colors similar to the Ap horizon, but has dominant values of 5. It is commonly silt loam, but ranges to loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The BE and/or Bt horizon (where present) has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is silty clay loam or silt loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to strongly acid
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR and value and chroma of 3 to 5. Hue of 5YR or redder is present on faces of peds or in the matrix in at least one subhorizon. Clay films commonly contain a component of organic matter and are dark brown or dark reddish brown. It is silty clay loam or clay loam in the upper part and grades to loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or sandy loam in the lower part of some pedons. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to strongly acid
The 3Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is silty clay or clay. Clay content ranges from 55 to 70 percent. Chert content ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Amanda, Belmont, Belmore, Caprell, Chili, Cliftycreek, Conestoga, Crouse, Gallman, Greybrook, Hickory, High Gap, Hollinger, Kanawha, Kidder, Kosciusko, Leroy, Lumberton, Martinsville, Military, Ockley, Princeton, Relay, Richardville, Riddles, Senachwine, Skelton, Strawn, Wawaka, and Wawasee series. All of these series except Belmont, High Gap, Lumberton, Military, Pignut, and Relay do not have a lithic or paralithic contact within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Belmont, Lumberton, and Relay series average less than 50 percent clay in the lower part of the solum. High Gap and Military series have a lithic or paralithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Woodbine soils are on undulating to hilly till plains and moraines that are partially controlled by the underlying limestone bedrock. Slope ranges from 2 to 25 percent. These soils formed in 25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 inches) of Wisconsin age loess, 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) of Late Sangamon age paleosols that formed in Illinoian drift, and 5 to 25 cm (2 to 10 inches) of residuum from weathered limestone bedrock. Summers are hot and winters are cold. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7 to 10 degrees C (45 to 50 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation ranges from 810 to 970 mm (32 to 38 inches) per year. Frost-free period ranges from 140 to 160 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Dubuque, Fayette, Flagg, Hitt, Myrtle, Oneco, Pecatonica, and Westville soils. Myrtle, Flagg, and Fayette soils commonly are on ridgetops above the Woodbine soils where the loess is thicker. Pecatonica and Westville soils are on similar landscape positions where the drift is thicker. Dubuque soils are associated in some places on steeper slopes or on similar slopes where glacial deposits do not occur above the bedrock. Woodbine is the light colored member of a biosequence containing Oneco soils (Mollic Hapludalfs and Hitt soils (Typic Argiudolls).
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is 4.23 to 14.22 micrometers per second in the loess and till and 0.42 to 1.41 micrometers per second in the residuum. Permeability is moderate in the loess and slow in the residuum. Surface runoff potential is low to high as related to slope.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for cultivated crops such as corn, soybeans, small grain, and meadow and for pasture and woodland. Native vegetation is hardwood trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Illinois. LRRs K and M, MLRAs 95B and 108B. The series of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Stephenson County, Illinois, 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - from a depth of 0 to 48 cm (0 to 19 inches) (A, E, and BE horizons)
Albic horizon- from a depth of 10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 inches) (E horizon)
Argillic horizon - from a depth of 48 to 117 cm (19 to 46 inches) (2Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3, and 3Bt4 horizons)
Lithic contact - at a depth of 117 cm (46 inches)
Udic moisture regime; Mesic temperature regime.