LOCATION WISE TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, active, thermic Udic Haplustepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Wise clay loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine granular and subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable; many fine, medium, and a few coarse roots; common wormcasts; common fine and medium pores; few fine concretions of calcium carbonate; few fossil shells and limestone fragments, less than 1/2 inch across; calcareous; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Bw--7 to 18 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common fine and few medium roots; few wormcasts; few fine pores; few fine and medium concretions of calcium carbonate; few fossil shells and limestone fragments less than 1/2 inch across; calcareous; moderately alkaline; diffuse smooth boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
Bk--18 to 27 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; few medium distinct light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) and olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) mottles; moderate fine and medium blocky structure; very hard, friable; few fine and medium roots; few wormcasts; few fine and medium pores; fine concretions, soft masses, films and threads of calcium carbonate comprise less than 3 percent by volume; calcareous; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (7 to 18 inches thick)
C--27 to 60 inches; stratified layers less than 1 inch to 14 inches thick of light gray (2.5Y 7/2) silt loam (2.5Y 6/2) moist and light gray (5Y 7/2) shaly silty clay loam, light olive gray (5Y 6/2) moist; common medium distinct pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) mottles in shaly material; massive; very hard, friable; few fine roots; calcium carbonate concretions and soft masses less than 1/2 inch in diameter comprise less than 2 percent by volume; few rounded limestone nodules 2 to 6 inches in diameter; calcareous; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Wise County, Texas; from the intersection of Texas Highway 114 and Farm Road 2123 in Bridgeport, 7.8 miles south on Farm Road 2123, 0.85 mile west on county road, 0.55 mile south, 0.5 mile west, 0.2 mile south, 0.9 mile west, 0.6 mile south and 50 feet east of county road in rangeland.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Texture is clay loam, silty clay loam, or loam. Silicate clay ranges from 20 to 30 percent. Particles coarser than very fine sand comprise less than 15 percent. Reaction of the solum and C horizon is mildly alkaline or moderately alkaline and calcareous. The calcium carbonate equivalent of the control section ranges from 15 to 35 percent. Fossil shells and fragments of limestone up to 3 inches across range from none to 10 percent by volume in some horizons.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Horizons with moist values less than 3.5 are less than 7 inches thick.
The B horizons have hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 6. Some pedons have few to common mottles in shades of olive, brown, or yellow.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, value of 6 to 8, and chroma of 2 to 4. Typically, there are few to common olive, brownish, or yellowish mottles. It is dominantly loamy but is commonly stratified with shaly, sandy, and loamy soil materials. Calcium carbonate concretions and soft masses range from a few to about 5 percent by volume. Limestone nodules greater than 3 inches in diameter range from none to less than 2 percent by volume. Roots are throughout but are concentrated along cleavage planes and fractures. Some pedons contain strata 0.5 inch to 4 inches thick of soft calcareous sandstone or weakly cemented limestone. A sandy 2C horizon is below the sola or below a depth of 40 inches in some pedons. It is mainly very fine sand or loamy very fine sand.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the only series in the family. Other similar soils include Altoga, Aspermont, Cuthand, Enterprise, Gotebo, Hardeman, Hext, Howe, Lamar, Obaro, Shep, Venus, Weymouth, and Woodward series. Altoga, Cuthand, and Howe soils have carbonatic mineralogy. Aspermont and Obaro soils have mixed mineralogy and formed in redbed materials and have hue redder than 7.5YR. Enterprise, Gotebo, Hardeman, Hext, and Woodward soils have less than 18 percent clay in the control section. Lamar soils have mixed mineralogy and formed in upper Cretaceous Age materials. Shep, Venus, and Weymouth soils have fine-loamy control sections. Also, Venus soils have mollic epipedons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wise soils mainly have convex surfaces with slopes of 3 to 8 percent. They are on slopes above drainageways and low hills. These soils formed in the Paluxy Formations of Lower Cretaceous Age. Mean annual temperature is 64 to 68 degrees F. Average annual precipitation is 28 to 32 inches with a summer moisture deficit of 7 to 9 inches. Thornthwaite P-E indices range from 44 to 54.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the competing Venus series as well as Pedernales, Weatherford, and Windthorst series. Pedernales and Venus soils are on foot slopes below Wise soils. Windthorst soils have clayey Bt horizons and are on ridgetops above Wise soils. Weatherford soils have fine loamy Bt horizons and are on positions similar or below the Wise soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium surface runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly range and some small areas are used for pasture or cropland. Native vegetation is a mid and tall grass prairie dominated by little bluestem with a few scattered motts of live oak trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West Cross Timbers and Grand Prairie Land Resource Areas in Texas. The series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Coryell County, Texas; 1983.
REMARKS: These soils were previously included with the Lamar or Altoga series. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 7 inches
Cambic horizon - 7 to 27 inches