LOCATION WINADA NVEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Xeric Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Winada gravelly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with approximately 30 percent pebbles.
A1--0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; 30 percent pebbles; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 7 inches thick)
A2--5 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine, fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; 25 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Bt--12 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; strong medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 30 percent pebbles and 10 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (9 to 16 inches thick)
Cr--24 to 36 inches; weathered sandstone.
R--36 inches; unweathered sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Lander County, Nevada; about 30 miles south of Battle Mountain; 1,500 feet south and 3,000 feet west of the northeast corner of section 14, T. 28 N., R. 45 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - Moist from late autumn through early summer, dry in late July through early October; xeric moisture regime that borders on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature - 39 to 44 degrees F.
Mean summer soil temperature - 54 to 59 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 8 to 12 inches.
Depth to base of argillic horizon - 20 to 30 inches.
Depth to bedrock - 20 to 30 inches to a paralithic contact. The paralithic materials below the contact are weathered sedimentary rocks such as sandstone. Harder, unweathered sandstone bedrock is typically within 40 inches.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: 28 to 35 percent; Sand content: 30 to 45 percent; Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent, mainly pebbles with 0 to 5 percent cobbles. Lithology of fragments are sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and chert.
Reaction - Neutral or slightly alkaline.
A horizons - Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Organic matter content: 1 to 3 percent.
Consistence: Soft or slightly hard, dry.
Bt horizon - Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bullville (T), Chamberlain, Crandall, Ezbin, Forsey, Fourme, Itwo (T), Latigo (T), Nurkey, Packer, Scuffe (T), Stopatoe (T), Tagum (T), Tahquats, Toquima (T), and Zeebar series.
Bullville and Tagum soils have 18 to 25 percent clay and 50 to 65 percent sand in the particle-size control section. Chamberlain, Ezbin, Forsey, Fourme, Latigo, Nurkey, Tahquats, and Zeebar soils are very deep. Crandall soils are deep to lithic contacts. Itwo and Toquima soils are moderately deep to lithic contacts. Packer soils are deep and very deep to lithic contacts. Scuffe soils have 20 to 35 percent cobbles in the particle-size control section. Stopatoe soils have paralithic materials composed of weathered volcanic rocks such as rhyolitic tuff and are influenced by volcanic ash.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Winada soils are on mountains. They typically occur on backslope positions. These soils formed in colluvium and residuum derived from sandstone and shale, with minor amounts of chert and quartzite. Slopes are 50 to 75 percent. Elevations range from 7,000 to 9,000 feet. The climate is semiarid with cold, moist winters and cool, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 12 to 16 inches, mean annual temperature is 37 to 42 degrees F., and the frost-free period is 50 to 80 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hapgood and Tusel soils. Hapgood soils are deep to lithic contacts, have thick mollic epipedons, and do not have diagnostic subsurface horizons. Tusel soils are deep or very deep to lithic contacts, have thick mollic epipedons, and have argillic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; very high surface runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Winada soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly low sagebrush, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, and Thurber's needlegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northcentral Nevada. These soils are not extensive with about 2,200 acres of the series mapped to data. MLRA 24.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Reno, Nevada.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Humboldt County, Nevada (BLM Sonoma Planning Unit), 1974.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 12 inches (A1 and A2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 12 to 24 inches (Bt horizon).
Paralithic contact - The boundary at 24 inches to underlying soft, weathered bedrock (Cr layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 12 to 24 inches (Bt horizon).