LOCATION VANOSS OK+KSEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Udic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Vanoss loam--cultivated. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 13 inches thick)
A--7 to 11 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate very fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
BA--11 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--15 to 27 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak medium prismatic, parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable; continuous clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (8 to 36 inches thick)
Bt2--27 to 37 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable; continuous clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt3--37 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; patchy clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 22 inches thick)
C--50 to 95 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam; many medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2), brown (10YR 5/3) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redox depletions and concentrations; brown (10YR 4/3) moist; hard, friable; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma; about 1/2 mile west of Shawnee, Oklahoma; 1,400 feet south and 2,200 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 24, T. 10 N., R. 3 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches thick. The mollic epipedon is less than 20 inches thick.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is loam or silt loam. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The BA horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The Bt1 and Bt2 horizons have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. Some pedons have mottles in shades of red or brown. Texture is clay loam or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The Bt3 horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. Some pedons have mottles in shades of red or brown. Texture is loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a BC horizon that has color, texture, and reaction similar to the Bt3 horizon.
The C horizon has colors, texture, reaction and mottles like the Bt3 horizon. Some pedons have buried horizons that are fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are Grant and Kingfisher series in the same family and similar Anocon, Bexar, Carey, Chickasha, Corbin, Frankirk, Klump, Lawton, Milan, Naron, Nashville, Norge, Pond Creek, Ravia, St. Paul, Stoneburg, Teller, and Zaneis series. Grant and Kingfisher soils have hues of 5YR or redder in the Bt1 and Bt2 horizons. In addition, Kingfisher soils are less than 40 inches thick. Anocon, Bexar, Frankirk, and Lawton soils have more than 35 percent clay in the control section. Carey soils have soft powdery secondary carbonates within 34 inches. Chickasha, Klump, Milan, Naron, Ravia, Stoneburg, Teller, and Zaneis soils have fine-loamy control sections. Corbin, Pond Creek, and St. Paul soils have mollic epipedons more than 20 inches thick. Nashville soils do not have Bt horizons and are less than 40 inches thick. Norge soils have hue of 5YR or redder in the Bt1 and Bt2 horizons and do not decrease in clay content within 60 inches of the surface.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Vanoss soils are on nearly level to sloping broad flats and upper side slopes of upland terraces in the Central Rolling Red Prairies. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. They formed in loamy alluvium of Pleistocene age.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 26 to 38 inches.
Mean Annual Temperature: 58 to 64 degrees F.
Thornthwaite Annual P-E indices: 44 to 64.
Soil Moisture Regime: Udic-Ustic
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the similar Norge and Teller series and Bethany and Minco series. Norge soils occur on similar slopes and also on adjacent side slopes. Teller soils usually occur on slightly higher lying convex ridges. Bethany soils have fine control sections and occur on slightly concave broad flats. Minco soils have coarse-silty control sections, lack Bt horizons, and usually occur on adjacent side slopes closer to the river channel.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Vanoss soils are well drained. Permeability is moderate and runoff is negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes, very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes, low on 3 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 8 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly cultivated to cotton, alfalfa, grain sorghum, peanuts, tame pasture, and small grains. Native vegetation was tall grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A) of north-central Oklahoma, south-central Kansas and possibly Texas. The series is of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pontotoc County, Oklahoma; 1936.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Pedon No. 68-OK-62-50 by Oklahoma State University.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 15 inches (A and BA horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone from 15 inches to a depth of 50 inches (Bt horizons).