LOCATION TOLL NV+CA OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Xeric Torripsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Toll sand, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--O to 4 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist, single grained; few very fine and fine roots many very fine and fine interstitial pores slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary. (O to 5 inches; thick)
A2--4 to 12 inches brown (10YR 5/3) loamy sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; massive soft, very friable; many very fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores neutral (pH 6.7), clear smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
C1--12 to 20 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial, and common very fine tubular pores neutral (pH 6.6), clear smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
C2--20 to 54 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive slightly hard, very friable; common very fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial pores; neutral (pH 6.7); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 36 inches thick)
C3--54 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) coarse sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; single grained; few very fine roots; many fine interstitial pores; neutral (pH 6.7).
TYPE LOCATION: Douglas County, Nevada; approximately 270 feet south and 50 feet west of the N1/4 corner of sec. 28, T.14N., R.20E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature: 50 to 53 F.
Soil moisture: Usually dry, mainly during the summer and early autumn, but are moist in late winter and early spring.
Control section - Texture: Averages loamy sand.
A horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2, 3 or 4.
Structure: Single grain or massive.
Other features: In some areas, the surface has been hummocked by wind action.
C horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: Stratified loamy sand, sand, and coarse sand.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Berent, Delaney, Descamp, Goldrun, Ouincy, Winchester and Zorravista series. Berent soils have loamy fine sand control sections, chroma of 4 in thc C horizon, are slightly or moderately alkaline and dominantly are calcareous within depth of 40 inches. Delaney soils have 5 to 30 percent gravel and mineral grains are dominantly pumiceous and basaltic. Descamp soil have bedrock within depth of 40 inches. Goldrun soils have fine sand control sections that are calcareous in the lower part and are mildly to strongly alkaline. Ouincy and Winchester soils have dominantly dark basaltic mineral grains. Zorravista soils have calcareous fine sand and sand control sections.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Toll soils are on alluvial fans and terraces at elevations of 4,000 to 5.500 feet. Slopes are O to 15 percent. These soils formed in mixed alluvium and eolian deposits. Climate is cool, semiarid with a mean annual precipitation of 8 to 12 inches. The mean annual temperature is 45 to 51 F. The frost-free season is about 100 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Godecke, Haybourne and McFaul soils. Godecke soils have argillic horizons. Haybourne soils have coarse-loamy control sections and cambic horizons. McFaul soils have fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal control sections and argillic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; slow or very slow runoff; rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Toll soils are used for rangeland, wildlife habitat, recreation, and as a source of sand. The vegetation is principally desert peach, big sagebrush, rabbitbrush, horsebrush, cheatgrass, Indian ricegrass, needlegrass and squirreltail.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Valleys of western Nevada, eastern California and southeast Oregon, MLRA 26 and 23. The soil is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Reno, Nevada.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Carson City Area, Nevada, 1975.
REMARKS: Toll soils were classified as Alluvial soils.