LOCATION TIVOLI OK+KS+NM+TXEstablished Series
The Tivoli series consists of very deep, excessively drained, rapidly permeable soils that formed in sandy eolian sediments. These soils are on undulating to hummocky sand dunes on stream terraces in the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the Southern High Plains Breaks (MLRA 77E). Water runs off the surface very slowly. Slopes are complex and are 1 to 45 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 26 inches and mean annual temperature is 61 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, thermic Typic Ustipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Tivoli fine sand, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 7 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grained, loose, very friable; many roots; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
C--7 to 60 inches; yellow (10YR 7/6) fine sand, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) moist; single grained, loose; roots decrease as depth increases; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Woodward County, Oklahoma; about 2 1/2 miles northeast of Woodward; 2000 feet north and 3350 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 9, T. 23 N., R. 20 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The A horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is slightly acid through slightly alkaline and noncalcareous. It is loamy fine sand, loamy sand, or fine sand. Organic matter content is less than 1 percent in the A horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 5 to 8, and chroma of 3 to 8. It is slightly acid through slightly alkaline in the upper part and neutral through moderately alkaline in the lower part. Some pedons are calcareous below depths of 40 inches. The C horizon is fine sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, or sand. Some pedons have AC horizons of fine sand that are slightly acid through moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Goodnight and Jester series and the similar Likes and Nutivoli series. Goodnignt soils are moist for longer periods. Likes soils are calcareous and have secondary carbonates within 40 inches of the surface. Jester soils are calcareous throughout and are on or adjacent to flood plains. Nutivoli and Likes soils are dry for longer periods.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tivoli soils are on undulating to hummocky sand dunes on stream terraces in the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the Southern High Plains Breaks (MLRA 77E). Slopes are 1 to 45 percent. The soil formed in sandy eolian sediments. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 18 to 32 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 57 to 64 degrees F. Thornthwaite annual P-E indices range from 28 to 44. Frost free days range from 185 to 220 days. Elevation ranges from 1000 to 2200 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Jester series and the Aline, Carwile, Daycreek, Devol, Eda, Goltry, Grandfield, Lincoln, Miles, and Nobscot series. Aline and Goltry soils have argillic horizons and are on slightly higher landscapes. Eda soils are on slightly lower sideslopes and undulating areas. Jester soils are closer to the rivers on lower areas. Lincoln soils are on flood plains. Carwile soils are on concave areas and have a fine control section. Daycreek soils have a water table within 60 inches of the soil surface. Devol soils are on adjacent slightly lower areas and have Bt horizons that are coarse loamy. Grandfield and Miles soils occur on slightly lower broad flats or ridges and have Bt horizons that are fine loamy. Nobscot soils occur on slightly higher areas further from the rivers and have Bt horizons that are coarse-loamy and have shinnery oak vegetation.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Tivoli soils are excessively drained. Runoff is low to medium and permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for grazing beef cattle. Native vegetation is sand bluestem, sand dropseed, and sand reedgrass. Sandsage brush and skunk brush are woody invaders.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the Southern High Plains Breaks (MLRA 77E) of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas. The series is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Major County, Oklahoma; 1936.
REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Record: Series OK0093
Diagnostic horizons and features:
Ochric epipedon- the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 7 inches. (the A horizons)
Psamments- less than 35 percent (by volume) rock fragments and a texture of loamy fine sand or coarser in all layers between the Ap horizon or a depth of 25 cm from the mineral soil surface, which ever is deeper, and a depth of 100 cm.
Moisture regime- Aridic-Ustic or Typic-Ustic.