LOCATION SPRINGERTON ILEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Springerton loam - on a nearly level terrace in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine granular and moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--9 to 15 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Ap and A horizons is 10 to 24 inches)
AB--15 to 19 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam; many fine distinct dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Btg1--19 to 25 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) loam; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few very fine roots; 2 percent gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg2--25 to 35 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay loam; many fine and medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; 2 percent gravel; clear smooth boundary.
Btg3--35 to 41 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine distinct gray (10YR 5/1) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; few fine rounded accumulations (iron and manganese oxides); 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Btg4--41 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; common medium prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) and many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; friable; 3 percent gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg5--45 to 65 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam with strata of sandy loam; common medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and grayish brown(2.5Y 5/2) mottles; weak medium prismatic structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films in pores; 4 percent gravel; neutral. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 25 to 60 inches)
TYPE LOCATION: White County, Illinois, 100 feet south and 2,500 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 22, T. 4 S., R. 9 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The series control section ranges from 40 to 80 inches in thickness. The thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 24 inches. The control section ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The Ap or A horizon has value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loam or clay loam.
The upper part of the control section (10 to 41 inches) has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or is neutral, value of 2 to 6 and chroma of 0 to 2. It averages between 25 and 35 percent clay and 15 to 40 percent sand. Individual subhorizons have as little as 20 percent clay or as much as 38 percent clay.
The lower part of the control section (41 to more than 65 inches) averages between 20 and 30 percent clay and between 25 and 50 percent sand. Individual subhorizons or strata have as little as 5 percent clay and/or as much as 95 percent sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Clyde, Colwood, Faxon, Free, Kossuth, Letri, Reddick, Selma, Tripoli, Webster, and Wolcott series. All competing series have a dryer moisture control section and warmer temperatures in the temperature control section at a depth of 20 inches. In addition, Clyde, Tripoli, Webster, and Wolcott soils do not have in the lower part of the control section subhorizons with as much as 95 percent sand. Faxon soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 40 inches. Free soils average more than 15 percent gravel in the lower part of the control section. Kossuth soils average more than 35 percent clay in the upper part of the control section. Letri soils have a series control section that does not extend to below a depth of 40 inches. Reddick soils have subhorizons in the lower part of the control section that have as much as 45 percent clay.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Springerton soils are on nearly level or slightly depressional parts of outwash plains, stream terraces, or high flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Springerton soils formed in loamy outwash material. The mean annual temperature ranges from 54 to 57 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 48 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Newhaven and Ruark soils. Springerton soils are in a drainage sequence with the somewhat poorly drained Newhaven soils which are on higher positions. Ruark soils do not have a mollic epipedon and are in similar positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Surface runoff is very slow or ponded. Water ponds on these soils for brief periods during the spring, and the water table commonly is at the surface or within 2 feet of the surface during the spring. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland. Principal crops are corn and soybeans. Natural vegetation is hydrophytic grasses, reeds, and sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Illinois. The extent is small.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: White County, Illinois, 1990.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon horizon - 0 to 19 inches (Ap, A, and AB horizons); cambic horizon - 19 to 65 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, Btg4, and Btg5 horizons). Aquic features - distinct mottles in the lower part of the mollic epipedon and dominant chroma of 2 in all horizons below the mollic epipedon.
Classification only was changed in 7/94. Competing series and other items will be updated later.