LOCATION SOLOMON KS+IA NE SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, calcareous, mesic Vertic Epiaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Solomon silty clay - in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; strong fine granular structure; very hard, firm, plastic and sticky; many fine roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches) thick)
A--10 to 41 centimeters (4 to 16 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine and medium blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, plastic and sticky; common fine tubular roots throughout; few faint discontinuous pressure faces on horizontal faces of peds; few fine calcium carbonate concretions; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches) thick)
Bg--41 to 81 centimeters (16 to 32 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium and coarse blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, very plastic and very sticky; few faint discontinuous pressure faces on horizontal faces of peds; few fine black (N 2/0) strongly cemented iron-manganese concretions; few fine calcium carbonate concretions; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; diffuse smooth boundary. (30 to 61 centimeters (12 to 24 inches) thick)
BCg--81 to 127 centimeters (32 to 50 inches); mixed very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/l) and gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak coarse blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, very plastic and very sticky; common fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) irregularly shaped masses of iron accumulation with diffuse boundaries throughout; few fine black (N 2/0) strongly cemented iron-manganese concretions; many fine calcium carbonate concretions; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; diffuse smooth boundary. (25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches) thick)
Cg--127 to 165 centimeters (50 to 65 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; massive; very hard, very firm, very plastic and very sticky; many fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) irregularly shaped masses of iron accumulation with diffuse boundaries throughout; few fine black (N 2/0) strongly cemented iron-manganese concretions; many fine calcium carbonate concretions; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Saline County, Kansas; about 0.8 kilometers (1/2 mile) north and 0.8 kilometers (1/2 mile) west of Salina; 305 meters (1,000 feet) north and 30 meters (100 feet) east of the southwest corner of sec. 35, T. 13 S., R. 3 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mollic epipedon: 38 to 102 centimeters (15 to 40 inches) or more
Depth to free carbonates: less than 25 centimeters (10 inches)
Particle size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 40 to 55 percent
Sand content: 2 to 15 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 2 or 3, 3 or 4 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay or clay and less commonly silty clay loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Bg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 2 to 4, 3 to 5 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay or
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 5, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay or clay
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: depressions and old meander scars on flood plains
Slopes: generally less than 0.5 percent but range from 0 to 2 percent
Parent material: calcareous clayey alluvium
Mean annual precipitation: 76 to 86 centimeters (30 to 34 inches)
Thornthwaite annual P-E index: 44 to 55
Mean annual temperature: 12 to 14 degrees C. (54 to 58 degrees F.)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Detroit,
Muir,
New Cambria,
Roxbury and
Sutphen soils.
These soils are on slightly higher landscape positions than Solomon soils and are better drained.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: poorly drained
Runoff: negligible
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: low
Ponding duration: long, soil retain all or nearly all of the water that falls as rain and most areas receive additional water from adjacent areas
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated.
Small grains and grain sorghums are the principal crops.
Lesser amounts are used for native range.
Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Kansas, central and eastern Nebraska, and southeast Iowa, LLR M and H; MLRA 74, 75, 76, 107. The extent is moderate.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Saline County, Kansas, 1952.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 76 centimeters (0 to 30 inches) (Ap, A, and Bg horizons)
Cambic horizon: 41 to 127 centimeters (16 to 50 inches) (Bg and BCg horizons)
Moisture conditions: aquic
Redoximorphic features: 41 to 81 centimeters (16 to 32 inches)
Epi: seasonal, perched water table from 30 centimeters (1 foot) above the surface to 61 centimeters (2 feet)
07/2003 WAW Changed format to semi-tabular from narrative.
Changed runoff: from very slow to negligible
Range in characteristics: Added clay and sand content to control section
Modified format by LRM in 3/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.