LOCATION SHOREWOOD MN+IAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquertic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Shorewood silty clay loam with a slightly convex 3 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--8 to 11 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam; weak and moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons is 8 to 16 inches thick)
AB--11 to 17 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) grading to very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) in lower part, silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate very fine and fine subangular and angular blocky structure; friable; many faint gray (10YR 5/1) coatings of clean silt and sand on faces of peds; few roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--17 to 24 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; weak and moderate fine and medium prismatic structure; firm; many faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct light gray (10YR 6/1) coatings of clean sand and silt on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--24 to 33 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay; common fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) Fe concentrations; weak and moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure; firm; many faint very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) and few prominent black (10YR 2/1) clay films on faces of peds and in root channels; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btg--33 to 39 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) Fe concentrations; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak and moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky; friable; common prominent black (10YR 2/1) clay fillings in root channels; slightly effervescent; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 18 to 38 inches)
2BCg--39 to 45 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; common fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) Fe concentrations; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and few prominent black (10YR 2/1) clay fillings in root channels; about 3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
2Cg--45 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) Fe concentrations; massive with some horizontal cleavages; about 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Blue Earth County, Minnesota; about 4 miles southeast of Mankato; 2300 feet east and 100 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 34, T. 108 N., R. 26 W.; USGS Beauford quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 6 minutes 33 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 56 minutes 22 seconds W., NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to free carbonates range from 28 to 50 inches. The thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 22 inches. The lacustrine mantle is 30 or more inches thick. The lacustrine sediments lack or have a trace of rock fragments. The glacial till has 2 to 8 percent rock fragments by volume of mixed lithology.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silty clay loam or silty clay. It is moderately acid to neutral. Most pedons have evidence of eluviation similar to the AB horizon or in the upper part of the Bt horizon. A few pedons have an indistinct E horizon with value of 3.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 4. The low chroma is either a redox feature or the matrix in the upper part of Bt. The upper 20 inches of the Bt horizon typically averages between 38 and 50 percent clay. B/A clay ratios range from 1.2 to 1.4. The Bt horizon typically is silty clay loam or silty clay, but, in some pedons is silt loam at depths below 30 inches. It is neutral to strongly acid.
Some pedons have a loam or clay loam 2BC horizon.
Some pedons have a Bk horizon.
The 2C horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6 and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or clay loam.
Some pedons lack 2C horizons. The profile has formed entirely in lacustrine sediments that lack rock fragments. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Arisburg, Arispe, Chase, Flanagan, Greenton, Grundy, Herrick, Ipava, Lagonda, Lamoni, Martin, Mayberry, Pawnee, Rutland, Seymour, Tina and Wymore soils. The Arisburg soils do not have free carbonates in the lower third of the series control section. The Lagonda and Pawnee soils have sola with a higher content of sand. The Arispe, Grundy, Herrick, Ipava and Seymour soils have thicker sola formed in loess. The Chase and Tina soils have thicker mollic epipedons. The Flanagan soils typically have thicker sola and formed in loess and the underlying till. The Greenton and Martin soils have their lower B or C horizons formed in residuum from limestone or shale. Also, the Greenton soils have redder hue in their lower B horizons and Martin soils have thicker mollic epipedons. The Lamoni soils have thicker sola with the upper part formed in loess or a mixture of loess and pedisediment and part of the B horizon is in a paleosol. The Mayberry soils have redder hue. The Rutland soils have thicker sola and strongly gleyed lower B horizons. The Wymore soils have thicker sola formed in loess, lack carbonates at depths of less than 40 inches and are on a warmer climate.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Shorewood soils have plane or slightly convex slopes on glacial lake plains and moraines. Slopes generally are about 100 to 250 feet in length with gradients of 0 to 12 percent. The Shorewood soils formed in clayey lacustrine material commonly 30 to 60 inches or more in thickness over friable loam or clay loam glacial till. In some pedons a silty layer up to 3 feet thick is between the clayey layer and the underlying deposits. Mean annual temperature is about 45 to 50 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 25 to 32 inches. Frost free days range from 124 to 165. Elevations above sea level range from 900 to 1200 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Minnetonka, Barbert, and Lura soils which are members of a hydrosequence with Shorewood soils. Poorly drained Minnetonka soils are on nearby level terrain. Very poorly drained Barbert and Lura soils are in depressions and swales.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well and somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is medium or high. Permeability is moderately slow or slow. The perched water table for the moderately well drained phase is 2.5 to 4.0 April to June, and 1.5 to 2.5 for the moderately wet phase in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is cropped to corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay. Small acreage is in forest and a few areas are in orchard. Native vegetation apparently was savanna.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South central and southeastern Minnesota. Inextensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hennepin County, Minnesota, 12/5/69.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to 17 inches (Ap, A and AB horizons); argillic horizon - the zone from 17 to 39 inches (the Bt1, Bt2, and Btg horizons); aquertic subgroup - a LE of 6.0 cm or more from the surface to 100 cm. A moderately wet phase is also recognized.
ADDITIONAL DATA: See MAES CFC# 968 for data on this pedon.