LOCATION SAUTER WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Ultic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Sauter gravelly loam - forested on a 50 percent northeast-facing side slope at an elevation at 900 feet. (Colors are for dry soils unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 6 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) gravelly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine, and common medium roots; many fine irregular pores; 20 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
AB--6 to 19 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) very gravelly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine, few medium roots; common fine tubular pores; 40 percent gravel; slightly acid (0H 6.2); gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 13 inches thick)
Bt1--19 to 37 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine and coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 35 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary. (18 to 25 inches thick)
Bt2--37 to 60 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) extremely gravelly clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 45 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4)
TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, Washington, 1 mile south of Wahkiacus about 800 feet north and 100 feet west of the southeast corner of section 19, T. 4 N., R. 14 E. (Latitude 45 degrees, 48minutes, 46 seconds N. and Longitude 121 degrees, 05 minutes, 33 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist but are dry in the moisture control section for 60 to 75 consecutive days following summer solstice. The mean annual soil temperature is 47 to 50 degrees F. The particle-size control section averages 35 to 65 percent rock fragments. The mollic epipedon is 15 to 20 inches thick. Clay content in the control section ranges from 20 to 35 percent. Reaction is moderately acid or slightly acid throughout.
The A and AB horizons have hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3 dry or moist. Texture is gravelly loam or very gravelly loam in the AB horizon.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 4 to 6 dry or moist. Texture is very cobbly loam, very gravelly loam, very gravelly clay loam, or extremely gravelly clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Balake,
Beezee,
Bluesprin,
Fordice,
Hunsinger,
Jebe,
Jellico,
Keuterville,
Legall,
Nashmead,
Riverpoint,
Shanks (T), and
Sienna, and
Tekoa series.
Balake soils - mollic epipedon 10 to 15 inches thick; 10YR hue throughout
Beezee soils - MAST of 50 to 53 degrees F.; 20 to 40 percent parafragments; less than 35 percent rock fragments in lower part of argillic horizon
Bluesprin soils - 20 to 40 inches to a lithic contact (basalt)
Fordice soils - MAST of 52 to 57 degrees F.; greater than 35 percent rounded and subrounded basalt rock fragments of alluvial origin
Hunsinger soils - 40 to 60 inches to a paralithic contact (basalt); dry for 120 to 140 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Jebe soils - dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 16 inches thick
Jellico soils - 20 to 40 inches to lithic contact (basalt); dry for 110 to 130 consectutive days following the summer solstice
Keuterville soils - dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice; greater than 35 percent rock fragments in the upper part of the argillic horizon; pH of neutral to slightly acid
Legall soils - dry for 75 to 90 consecutive days following the summer solstice; MAST of 50 to 53 degrees F.
Nashmead soils - 40 to 60 inches to a lithic contact (sandstone); dry for more than 90 consecutive days
Riverpoint soils - mollic epipedon 10 to 15 inches thick; base of argillic horizon is 25 to 40 inches; 0 to 15 percent parafragments in the argillic horizon
Shanks soils - 20 to 40 inches to a lithic contact (granite); mollic epipedon 7 to 14 inches thick
Sienna soils - 20 to 40 inches to a lithic contact (basalt); 35 to 60 percent rounded quartzitic rock fragments; dry for 75 to 90 consecutive days following the summer solstice
The
Bobbitt, Gaval and Tekoa series have similar classification.
Bobbitt soils 20 to 40 inches to a lithic contact (basalt); vitrandic subgroup feature
Gavel soils - 20 to 40 inches to a paralithic contact (andesite); dry for more than 180 consecutive days following the summer solstice; vitrandic subgroup feature
Tekoa soils - 20 to 40 inches to a paralithic contact (shale); vitrandic subgroup feature
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sauter soils are on north-facing canyon side slopes at elevations of 200 to 2,200 feet. Slopes are 30 to 75 percent. They formed in colluvium derived from basalt mixed with loess. Summers are warm and dry; winters are cold and wet. The mean annual precipitation is 18 to 25 inches. The average January temperature is 28 degrees F. and the average July temperature is 65 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 46 to 48 degrees F. The frost-free season is 120 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Dillcourt, Gunn, Leidl, Oreoke soils and the competing Legall soils. Dillcourt and Oreoke soils have a mollic epipedon greater than 20 inches and are located on canyon side slopes. Gunn soils lack a mollic epipedon and are on plateaus and hillslopes. Leidl soils are 20 to 40 inches to a lithic contact and are on plateaus and canyon side slopes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for timber production, grazable woodland, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Native vegetation is Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and scattered Oregon white oak with an understory of western hazel, creambush oceanspray, common snowberry, spirea, and elk sedge.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klickitat County, Washington. MLRA 6. The series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klickitat County, Washington, 2003. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 19 inches
Argillic horizon - the zone from 19 to 60 inches
Particle-size control section - the zone from 19 to 39 inches