LOCATION SAUGATUCK MI+IN MA NH NYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic, shallow, ortstein Typic Duraquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Saugatuck sand - on a 1 percent north-facing slope in woodland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described on June 18, 1996 the water table was at a depth of 8 inches.)
A--0 to 5 inches; black (N 2/0) sand, very dark gray (5YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common fine to coarse roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
E--5 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sand, pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine to coarse roots; few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; very strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (3 to 15 inches thick)
Bhsm1--8 to 11 inches; black (5YR 2/1) sand; massive; firm; 90 percent of horizon occupied by strongly cemented ortstein; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bhsm2--11 to 15 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) sand; massive; firm; 90 percent of horizon occupied by strongly cemented ortstein; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bhsm horizon ranges from 4 to 12 inches.)
Bs1--15 to 22 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bs2--22 to 26 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; single grain; loose; common fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bs horizon ranges from 0 to 18 inches thick)
BC--26 to 55 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sand; single grain; loose; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 30 inches thick)
C--55 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sand; single grain; loose; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Manistee County, Michigan, about 2 miles southwest of the city of Copemish, Springdale Township; 2,540 feet south and 1640 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 26, T. 24 N., R. 14 W.; USGS Copemish 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 26 minutes 54 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 57 minutes 56 seconds W., NAD 83
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The base of soil development ranges from 20 to 55 inches. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to moderately acid throughout the series control section. The soil is saturated for fewer than 90 days during the time when the soil temperature exceeds 5 degrees C.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR or is neutral, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 0 to 2. Cultivated areas have an Ap horizon that has 10YR hue, value of 2 to 4 and chroma of 1 or 2.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 1 or 2. The A and E horizons are sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand.
The Bhsm horizons have hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, and value and chroma of 1 to 3. More than 90 percent of the horizon is cemented. It is sand or fine sand. Some pedons have a Bhs horizon with colors and textures similar to those of the Bhsm horizon.
The Bs horizons have hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value and of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 to 6. Cementation ranges from weak to strong. Some pedons have a Bsm horizon above the Bsm horizon. It has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 3 to 6. The Bs and Bsm horizons are sand or fine sand.
The BC horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 4 to 8. The B horizons are sand or fine sand.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 2 to 4. It is sand or fine sand. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Jebavy series. Closely related is a the Finch series. Jebavy soils are saturated for a period of 90 to 120 days when the soil temperature is above 5 degrees C. Finch soils are frigid.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Saugatuck soils are on outwash plains, lake plains and till plains. Slope gradients ranges from 0 to 6 percent. The soils formed in sandy glaciofluvial deposits. The mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 49 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The poorly drained Granby and Jebavy soils, the somewhat poorly drained Pipestone and the excessively drained and moderately well drained Plainfield are common associated soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The soil has an apparent seasonal high water table that ranges from .5 to 2.0 feet below the surface for 75 to 90 days when the soil temperature is above 5 degrees C. The potential of surface runoff is negligible or very low. Permeability is moderately slow or slow in the ortstein and rapid in the rest of the profile.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly second growth forest with a small acreage in pasture, blueberries, vegetables, and general crops. Principal tree species included aspen, white pine, black spruce, red maple, northern white cedar, and paper birch.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Lower Michigan, Indiana, and New England. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Allegan County, Michigan, 1901.
REMARKS: Classification changed to agree with ST Issue #17 on 2 Sept 94 by CLG. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - from a depth 0 to 5 inches (A horizon); albic horizon - from a depth of 5 to 8 inches (E horizon); spodic horizon - from a depth of 8 to 26 inches (Bhsm and Bs horizons); aquic soil moisture regime. The Saugatuck soils were mapped as both somewhat poorly and poorly drained soils. This draft limits the drainage to somewhat poorly drained. The Jebavy soil is being proposed to cover the poorly drained counterpart which would be a hydric soil.