LOCATION RADER TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Paleustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Rader fine sandy loam--wooded pasture. (Colors are dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; few pores; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
E1--6 to 19 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; few pores; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
E2--19 to 25 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak medium angular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, sticky and slightly plastic; few roots; few pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt/E--25 to 32 inches; discrete masses of light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; the majority of which are coated with light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; (Bt part) common pockets of friable, structureless, light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam (E part); common fine faint and distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark red (2.5YR 3/6) masses of iron accumulation; and few faint grayish brown (10YR5/2) iron depletions in ped interiors; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 18 inches thick)
Bt1--32 to 39 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few prism faces in upper part coated with light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam; few roots on prism faces; common clay films; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bt2--39 to 52 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few roots on prism faces; common clay films; few pressure faces 1 to 3 inches across; few black concretions; common fine and medium distinct of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (12 to 24 inches thick)
Bt3--52 to 67 inches; distinctly mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), and light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam; coatings of gray (10YR 6/1) and pale olive (5Y 6/3) on ped faces; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few roots on prism faces; common clay films; common black stains along root channels; few threads and films of neutral salts; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
BC--67 to 80 inches; distinctly mottled light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; coatings of grayish brown (10YR 5/2) on ped faces; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few roots along prism faces; few black concretions; few threads and films on neutral salts; common black stains along roots channels; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Kaufman County, Texas; 100 feet west of private road; 0.25 mile south of county road which is 2.65 miles southwest and 0.3 mile west of Texas Highway 34 at a point 3.15 miles north of its junction with Farm Road 2728; 3.0 miles north of Kaufman.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness is 60 to over 80 inches. Clay content of the control section ranges from 28 to 35 percent.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 4. Textures of the A and E horizons are loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam or loam. It is very strongly to slightly acid. Pedons with textures of loamy fine sand are less than 20 inches thick.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, with value of 6 to 8, and chroma of 2 to 4.
The Bt/E horizon is 70 to 85 percent Bt materials. The Bt portion of this horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam. The E portion of this horizon is uncoated sand and silt with hue of 10YR, value of 6 to 8, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is skeletans, coatings on peds and pockets that decrease with depth.
The Bt1 and Bt2 horizons have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. Redoximorphic features are few to many and they are reddish, grayish, brownish, or yellowish. These horizons are mainly sandy clay but range to clay or clay loam with a clay content of 35 to 50 percent. They are very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The Bt3 and BC horizons are dominated by redoximorphic features in shades of gray, yellow, brown, and olive. They are sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay that are strongly acid to moderately alkaline. The BC horizon of some pedons contain a few masses and concretions of calcium carbonate. Pressure faces that are 1 inch to 3 inches across are few to common in the Bt horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Rutersville series in the same family. Similar series are the Chaney, Demona, Nimrod, Raino, Rodessa, Selden, and Tabor. Rutersville soils have weathered bedrock between 40 to 60 inches. All of the other competitors, except Raino and Rodessa, do not have Bt horizons that exhibit evidence of degradation in the upper part. In addition, Chaney, Demona, and Tabor soils, as well as Rodessa soils contain more than 35 percent clay in the control section. Nimrod soils have arenic epipedons, and Selden soils have siliceous mineralogy. Raino soils have contrasting textures in the control section and contain tongues of E material in the B2 horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Rader soils are on nearly level to gently sloping old terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in slightly acid to alkaline clay sediments interbedded with sandier materials. They normally occupy mounds 30 to 200 feet in diameter and 1 to 3 feet above the intermound areas. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 32 to 42 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 62 to 69 degrees F. Frost free days range from 230 to 270 days, and elevation ranges from 350 to 700 feet. Thornthwaite P-E indices ranges from 52 to 66.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Axtell, Crockett, and Lufkin series, all of which have fine-textured control section and smectitic mineralogy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is low on slopes less than 1 percent, and medium on 1 to 3 percent slopes. These soils have a perched water table above the Bt horizon during periods of prolonged rainfall.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for pasture. Bermudagrass, Pensacola bahiagrass, and dallisgrass are the dominant tame pasture plants. Post oak, blackjack oak, hickory, and elm are the dominant trees. Some areas are farmed to cotton and grain sorghum.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in the Texas claypan area. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kaufman County, Texas; 1973.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Tabor series.
Semiactive cation exchange activity class. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 25 inches (A, E1 and E2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - 25 to 67 inches (Bt/E, Bt1, Bt2 and Bt3 horizons).
Aquic feature - Iron depletions due to wetness at 25 inches and below.
Pale Features - clay content does not decrease by as much as 20 percent of the maximum within 60 inches of the surface, and there are mottles which qualify as common and coarse with chroma more than 5 in the lower part of the argillic horizon.
Degraded upper Bt - interfingers of E materials penetrating Bt.
Soil Interpretation Record No.: TX0663