LOCATION QUANAH TX+OKEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Calciustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Quanah silty clay loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak subangular blocky and granular structure; hard, friable; many fine roots; many very fine pores; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bw1--11 to 25 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine to medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; many fine pores, common medium pores; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (7 to 22 inches thick)
Bw2--25 to 34 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine to medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; many very fine pores; few fine calcium carbonate concretions; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (7 to 28 inches thick)
Bk1--34 to 46 inches; reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) silty clay loam; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; hard, friable; estimated 25 to 30 percent by volume of masses and concretions of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; diffuse boundary. (6 to 30 inches thick)
Bk2--46 to 72 inches; reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) silty clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; very hard, firm; estimated 15 to 40 percent by volume of films and threads of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Hardeman County, Texas; from the courthouse in Quanah, 2.2 miles north on State Highway 6; 1.75 miles west on county road; 1.0 mile north on county road; 200 feet west of road in rangeland. (Quanah West Quadrangle, Latitude 34 deg. 20 min. 39 sec. North; Longitude 99 deg. 46 min. 21 sec. West)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 60 to more than 80 inches. Thickness of mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 20 inches. Clay content of the particle-size control section ranges from 20 to 35 percent. Calcium carbonate equivalent in the particle-size control section ranges from 20 to 35 percent. Depth to the Bk horizon ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Fragments of weathered limestone are mostly less than 1 cm across long axis and range from 0 to 5 percent throughout the solum. The soil is slightly effervescent to strongly effervescent and slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline throughout.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is silt loam, loam, clay loam or silty clay loam.
The Bw1 and Bw2 horizons have hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 2 through 4. Secondary visible carbonates in the form of films, threads and small masses ranges from 1 to 5 percent.
The Bk1 and Bk2 horizons have hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 4 to 6. Secondary carbonates in the form of masses and concretions ranges from 15 to 60 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: The Nuvalde series is the only series in the same family. Similar soils include Jaywi, Lewisville, Lutie, Set, Sunev, and Venus series. Nuvalde soils have more than 35 percent clay in the B horizons. Jaywi soils have a ochric epipedon. Lewisville soils are moist in the control section for longer periods of time. Lutie soils have a argillic horizon. Set soils have carbonatic mineralogy. Sunev and Venus soils have a fine-loamy particle-size control section and are moist for longer periods of time.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Quanah soils are on foot slopes or concave positions on uplands that receive sediments. Slopes are dominantly less than 3 percent and range from 0 to 5 percent. Quanah soils are formed in strongly calcareous loamy sediments weathered mostly from the Blaine Formation of Permian age. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 20 to 26 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 59 to 65 degrees F. Frost free days range from 200 to 230. Elevation ranges from 1400 to 2000 feet. The Thornthwaite P-E indices ranges from 32 to 38.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the similar Jaywi soils and the Aspermont, Nipsum, Talpa, Tilvern, Vernon and Westill series. Aspermont soils have a ochric epipedon and have sola less than 60 inches thick. Nipsum soils have a mollic epipedon more than 20 inches thick and occur on lower positions. Talpa soils are underlain by limestone at depths less than 20 inches and occupy higher geographic positions. Tilvern, Vernon, and Westill soils have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section and occupy higher landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes, and low on 1 to 5 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mostly as rangeland, but some areas are cultivated with wheat, sorghums, and cotton the principal crops. Native vegetation is sideoats grama, buffalograss, blue grama, vine-mesquite, and mesquite trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Texas and Oklahoma; in the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78B, 78C). The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hardeman County, Texas; 1966.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the La Casa series and classified in the Reddish Chestnut great soil group.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 11 inches (the A horizon).
Cambic horizon - the zone from 11 to 34 inches (the Bw horizons).
Calcic horizon - the zone from 34 to 72 inches (the Bk horizons).
Soil Interpretation Record: TX0500 Quanah series.