LOCATION POYGAN WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Epiaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Poygan silty clay loam - on a 1 percent slope in a pasture at an elevation of about 833 feet above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; friable; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick)
AB--7 to 13 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) silty clay; olive gray (5Y 5/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
Bg--13 to 19 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
BC--19 to 27 inches; olive (5Y 5/3) and brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate and strong medium angular blocky; firm; many coarse prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
C--27 to 60 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky in the upper few inches; firm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) coatings around root channels; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few igneous and dolomititic gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin; about 2 1/2 miles northwest of Vandyne; 2,375 feet west and 100 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 2, T. 16 N., R. 16 E. USGS Van Dyne, Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 53 minutes 36 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 33 minutes 11 secinds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of soil development and depth to carbonates range from 20 to 40 inches. Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 15 inches. Some pedons have a thin mantle of loess or other silty deposits up to 20 inches thick. The particle-size control section averages 35 to 60 percent clay and 5 to 30 percent fine sand or coarser. Volume of gravel ranges from 1 to 12 percent. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to to slightly alkaline in the upper part of the solum and from neutral to moderately alkaline in the lower part. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline in the substratum. Saturation occurs within a depth of 12 inches for some time in most years.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or is neutral in hue. Value is 2 or 3 and chroma is 0 or 1. Texture is typically silty clay loam, but is silt loamor fine sandy loam in some pedons.
The AB horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral in hue. Value is 2 or 3 and chroma is 0 to 2. Texture is typically clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam but in some pedons it is clay loam.
The Bg horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral in hue. Value is typically 4 to 6 and chroma is 0 to 2, but some pedons have value of 3 in the upper part of the Bg. Texture is typically clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam but in some pedons it is clay loam.
The BC horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 0 to 4. Texture is silty clay, clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture typically is silty clay or clay, but in some pedons it is clay loam or silty clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Poygan soils are on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Poygan soils formed in clayey till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 32 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from about 45 to 50 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Kewaunee,
Manawa, and
Oshkosh soils and the competing
Menasha and Poy soils. The well drained and moderately well drained Kewaunee and somewhat poorly drained Manawa soils are in a drainage sequence with the Poygan soils. Oshkosh soils are on the higher rises and are better drained than Poygan soils. Menasha soils are in similar landscape positions. Poy soils are in a similar landscape position as the Poygan soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to high. Permeability is slow. These soils have a seasonal perched high water table within a depth of 1 foot for long periods in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas are drained and used for cropland. Common crops are corn, oats, and alfalfa. Undrained areas are used for in woodland or pastureland. Native vegetation is deciduous swamp forest of American elm, red maple, and white ash.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Wisconsin and New York. The Poygan soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Waushara County, Wisconsin, 1909.
REMARKS:
12/04 1650 acres of Poygan were correlated in Door County as a temperature taxadjunct because they are in the frigid temperature zone. A new series is needed.
12/04- This series previously included 2 different parent materials (clayey till and clayey lacustrine deposits). This revision redefines this series as being formed in clayey till only. A new series is needed for 1100 acres in Columbia County, 3850 acres in Green Lake County, 5240 acres in Juneau County, and 3480 acres in Marquette County which were correlated as being formed in clayey lacustrine deposits. In addition, a portion of the acreage correlated in surveys in Adams, Brown, Calumet-Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Kewaunee, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Sheboygan, and Waushara Counties may be formed in clayey lacustrine deposits. A new series will be needed for these acres when these surveys are updated.
Diagnostic horizons and feature recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - 0 to 13 inches (A, AB); cambic horizon - 13 to 27 inches (Bg, BC); aquic suborder saturation between 16 and 20 inches with chroma of 1 in the lower part of the mollic epipedon and chroma of 1 in the matrix immediately below the mollic epipedon with hue yellower than 2.5Y.