LOCATION PINEWOOD MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Pinewood sandy loam 0 to 2 percent slopes on an lake plain in permanent pasture; (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; very friable; common very fine to medium roots; 4 percent gravel; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
B/E--8 to 14 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay (Bt) occupies about 70 percent of the horizon surrounded by light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry (E); moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to strong fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; common distinct discontinuous brown (7.5YR 4/3) and few distinct patchy brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; 2 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) worm casts penetrating 3 inches down into the horizon; common fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; 4 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--14 to 26 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) clay; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium and coarse subangular blocky; firm; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine prominent light greenish gray (5GY 7/1) iron depletions; many prominent continuous brown (10YR 4/3) and common distinct discontinuous dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common medium and coarse prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bt2--26 to 41 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) fine sandy loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct discontinuous brown (10YR 4/3) and few distinct patchy dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on horizontal faces of peds; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--41 to 45 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; many prominent continuous dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; few prominent patchy very pale brown (10YR 7/3) carbonate coats in root channels and pores; common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; 6 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt horizons is 12 to 31 inches)
2C1--45 to 58 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and few fine roots; a 1 - 1 1/2 thick layer of 7.5YR 4/4 sandy clay loam occurs along the Bt3 interface; few fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) and common fine and medium faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; 3 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
2C2--58 to 67 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to single grain; very friable; common fine and medium faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; 3 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
2C3--67 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to single grain; very friable; 3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Roscommon County, Michigan; about 425 feet north and 250 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 4, T. 24 N., R. 1 W.; USGS St. Helen NW USGS topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 29 minutes 45 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 25 minutes 54 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the base of the argillic horizon ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the upper part of the particle-size control section and from 0 to 10 percent in the lower part. Depth to carbonates ranges from 16 to more than 45 inches.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The texture is sandy loam or loam. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The E horizon when present, and the E part of the B/E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 6 or 7, and chroma of 2 or 3. The texture is sandy loam, loamy fine sand or loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The B part of the B/E horizon and the Bt horizons have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 3 to 6. The texture is clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay with lenses of sandy loam, loamy fine sand and fine sandy loam. The argillic horizon averages between 35 and 55 percent clay. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to neutral in the upper Bt horizons and from neutral to moderately alkaline in the lower Bt horizon.
The 2C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is dominantly sand but also includes loamy sand or thin strata of loamy sand. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bowers, Kawkawlin and Selkirk series. Selkirk, Kawkawlin and Bowers do not have more than 50 percent sand in the lower part of the profile.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Pinewood soils formed in clayey over sandy glaciolfluvial deposits of Wisconsinan age on collapsed lake plains. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 32 inches, and the mean annual temperature ranges from 40 to 44 degrees F. The frost free period is 100 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The moderately well drained Debolt, and Kellogg soils are on similar positions. Perecheney soils are on slightly higher positions. The poorly drained Wakeley soils are in nearby depressions and narrow drainageways.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. These soils have an perched seasonal high water table that ranges from 1 to 2 feet below from the surface from November to April. The potential for surface runoff is high. Permeability is moderately slow or slow in the upper part of the series control section and rapid in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are idle or in pasture. A smaller part is in forest. The native vegetation was chiefly sugar maple, American beech, American elm, and some eastern white pine and eastern hemlock.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The series is of minor extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Roscommon County, Michigan; 1998. Source of the name is a nearby road in the
county.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 8 inches (Ap horizon);
glossic horizon - 8 to 14 inches (B/E horizon);
argillic horizon - the zone from 14 to 45 inches (Bt horizon); a lithologic discontinuity from clayey to sandy material at 45 inches.