LOCATION OTANYA             TX

OTANYA SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleudults

TYPICAL PEDON: Otanya very fine sandy loam--forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), very fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky and weak fine granular structure; friable, soft; many very fine to medium roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; 1 percent fine and medium distinct worm casts; 5 percent by volume fine and medium masses of brown (10YR 5/3) very fine sandy loam throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)

E1--6 to 12 inches; 70 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and 30 percent brown (10YR 5/3), very fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, soft; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; 1 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules;1 percent fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) iron-manganese masses with sharp boundaries lining pores; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

E2--12 to 19 inches; 65 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and 35 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), very fine sandy loam; weak medium and coarse prismatic parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard; common very fine and fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 2 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 3 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the E horizons is 3 to 16 inches thick)

Bt--19 to 28 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), very fine sandy loam; weak medium and coarse prismatic parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard; common very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 2 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very fine sandy loam glossic material; 15 percent distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay films on surfaces of peds; 4 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; 3 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 18 inches thick)

Btc1--28 to 43 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), sandy clay loam; weak medium and coarse prismatic parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 2 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very fine sandy loam glossic material; 15 percent distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay films on surfaces of peds;10 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 2 percent medium cylindrical red (2.5YR 4/6) plinthite nodules; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on vertical surfaces of peds; 5 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btc2--43 to 60 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), sandy clay loam; weak medium and coarse prismatic parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 2 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very fine sandy loam glossic material; 20 percent distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay films on surfaces of peds;12 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 3 percent medium cylindrical red (2.5YR 4/6) plinthite nodules; 1 percent fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with sharp boundaries on surfaces along root channels; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on vertical surfaces of peds; 3 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; 5 percent medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Btc horizons is 28 to 42 inches)

B't1--60 to 78 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), sandy clay loam; weak coarse prismatic parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 25 percent distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay films on surfaces of peds; 5 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 2 percent medium cylindrical red (2.5YR 4/6) plinthite nodules; 2 percent fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with sharp boundaries on surfaces along root channels; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on vertical surfaces of peds; 3 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; 8 percent medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (12 to 24 inches thick)

B't2--78 to 110 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and 15 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) and 25 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 25 percent distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay films on surfaces of peds; 5 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 2 percent medium cylindrical red (2.5YR 4/6) plinthite nodules; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; 3 percent fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with sharp boundaries on surfaces along root channels; 5 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; 8 percent medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

B't3--110 to 126 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and 15 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) and 25 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and 25 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/8), very fine sandy loam; weak very coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; 25 percent distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay films on surfaces of peds; 3 percent medium cylindrical ironstone nodules; 5 percent fine and medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; 5 percent medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Tyler County, Texas; from the intersection of Farm Road 92 and Farm Road 1493 in Fred; 3.3 miles west on Farm Road 1493 to county road; 0.7 mile south to forest road; 0.4 mile east on forest road; 200 feet north and then 50 feet west; Latitude: 30 degrees 32 minutes 53.00 seconds north N; Longitude: 94 degrees 13 minutes 53.00 seconds W. Fred topographic quadrangle; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is 4 to 12 inches below the soil surface and remains dry less than 90 cumulative days in most years.

Mean annual soil temperature: 68 to 70 degrees F.
Depth to argillic horizon: 7 to 23 inches

Depth to Iron depletions: 38 to 48 inches

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.30 to 0.40

A Horizon

Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam or very fine sandy loam
Clay content: 3 to 12 percent
Reaction: 4.5 to 5.5

E Horizon

Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam
Clay content: 3 to 12 percent
Ironstone nodules: amount-0 to 10 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount 0 to 5 percent, size-fine and medium, contrast-faint or distinct, boundary-clear or sharp, location-surfaces of peds or lining pores, color-shades of brown and yellow
Reaction: 4.5 to 6.0

Bt Horizon

Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: very fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam or loam
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent
Ironstone nodules: amount-1 to 8 percent
Plinthite nodules: amount-0 to 2 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount -2 to 15 percent, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear or sharp, location-surfaces of peds or lining pores, color-shades of brown, yellow or red
Reaction: 4.5 to 6.0

Btc Horizon

Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam or clay loam
Clay content: 22 to 33 percent
Ironstone nodules: amount-5 to 10 percent
Plinthite nodules: amount-2 to 5 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-5 to 20 percent, size- fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear or sharp, location-throughout
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 5 percent, size-fine or medium, contrast-distinct or prominent, boundary-clear or sharp, location-lining pores
Base saturation: 25 to 35 percent
Reaction: 4.5 to 6.0

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Allen, Avilla, Dubach, Etowah, Holston, Leesburg, Lytle, Nella, Octavia, Ruston, Sailes, Silbee, and Warnock series.

Allen, Avilla, Etowah, Lytle, Nella, Octavia, Ruston, Sailes, and Silsbee soils: have argillic horizons redder than 7.5YR
Dubach soils: formed on stream terraces and are less acid
Holston soils: argillic horizons yellower than 10YR and have a mean annual air temperature of 59 degrees F or less.
Leesburg soils: have coarse fragments of sandstone that range from 10 to 30 percent by volume; underlain by sandstone, shale, or limestone; have a mean annual air temperature of 60 degrees F.
Warnock soils; are moderately well drained; formed in Tertiary aged Claiborne Group sediments; have a Btx horizon

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy sediments derived from the Lissie Formation of early to mid Pleistocene age.
Landform: Convex shoulder and backslopes
Slope: 1 to 5 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 67 to 68 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation range: 48 to 60 inches
Precipitation Pattern: Rainfall is generally uniform throughout the year with slight peaks in the spring and fall. Summer moisture deficit ranges from 1 to 4 inches.
Frost-free period: 240 to 270 days
Elevation: 100 to 200 feet
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 78 to 82

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Dallardsville, Kirbyville, Lelavale, Niwana, Silsbee, Sorter, and Waller series.
Dallardsville soils: on mounds in complex with the Sorter or Waller soils on a lower landscape position
Kirbyville soils: have a water table above 4 feet during the winter and early spring and are on a lower footslope position
Lelavale soils: have a gray argillic horizon and are in enclosed depressions
Niwana soils: on mounds in complex with the Kirbyville soils and have less than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Silsbee soils: have a redder argillic horizon and on steeper sideslopes
Sorter and Waller soils; have a gray argillic horizon and on a nearly level lower landscape

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderately slow. Runoff is medium on slopes less than 5 percent and high on slopes of 5 percent. A perched water table ranging from 42 to 48 inches from the surface exists from January to March in most years.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for timber and pasture. Forest vegetation includes loblolly, shortleaf, slash and longleaf pines, sweetgum, red oak, and hickory trees. Pastures are mainly improved bermudagrass and bahiagrass. A few areas are cultivated and used for growing vegetables and blueberries.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeast Texas and possibly southwestern Louisiana; LRR T; Western Gulf Coast Flatwoods (MLRA 152B); Large extent

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Polk County, Texas, 1983.

REMARKS: These soils have been included in the Segno and Malbis series. The Otanya series was proposed in Jasper County, Texas 1977 and was dropped in 1980. It was redefined slightly and proposed for active status in 1982. The type location was moved from Polk County to Tyler County, which is centrally located in the series province. The classification was changed from Plinthic Paleudults to Typic Paleudults during the correlation of the update of MLRA 152B in June 2004 after pit studies showed that less than 5 percent plinthite is common in most pedons. The water table depths and time period were established as a result of a water table study conducted in Jasper County, Texas and Beauregard Parish, Louisiana from 1998 to 2002.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle size control section: 19 to 39 inches. (Bt and Btc1 horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 19 inches. (A, E1 and E2 horizons)

The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S98TX-457-001 from Tyler County, Texas.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Data from the Texas A&M University Soil Characterization laboratory exists from the series type location in Tyler County (S98TX-457-001) and from a representative pedon in Jasper County,Texas (S98TX-241-001). The data from Jasper County has a base saturation at 180 cm below the mineral surface of 52, which is out of range for the Ultisols order.

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Ninth Edition, 2003