LOCATION OLBUT NEEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Abruptic Argiaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Olbut silt loam with a slope of 1 percent in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 20 centimeters (4 to 8 inches) thick)
Bt1--15 to 36 centimeters (6 to 14 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, black (10YR 2/1) moist; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; hard, firm; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
Bt2--36 to 51 centimeters (14 to 20 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist mottles; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; hard, firm; many small salt clusters; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt is 25 to 66 centimeters (10 to 26 inches) thick.)
BC--51 to 74 centimeters (20 to 29 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; many small salt clusters; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 25 centimeters (6 to 10 inches) thick)
C1--74 to 97 centimeters (29 to 38 inches); light gray (5Y 7/2) silty clay loam, light olive gray (5Y 6/2) moist; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist mottles; massive; hard, friable; many medium salt clusters; slight effervescence; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
C2--97 to 203 centimeters (38 to 80 inches); light gray (5Y 7/2) silt loam, light olive gray (5Y 6/2) moist; many coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist mottles; massive; hard, friable; many medium salt clusters; slight effervescence; strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Butler County, Nebraska; about 1 mile north and 1/2 mile west of David City, Nebraska; 22 meters (75 feet) east and 107 meters (350 feet) north of the southwest corner, sec. 7, T. 15 N., R. 3 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
The thickness of the solum: 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Mollic epipedon: 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches), extends into the Bt horizon
Depth to carbonates: 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches)
Exchangeable Sodium: 10 to 15 percent in the B and C horizons.
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
An indistinct, thin E horizon is in some pedons
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline.
Btz1 horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay or clay
Clay content: 40 to 55 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline
Redoximorphic concentrations: if present, few to many, range yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) to yellowish red (5YR 4/6).
Btz2 horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay or clay
Carbonates: few to many salt clusters
Reaction: moderately alkaline to moderately alkaline
Redoximorphic concentrations: few to many, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) to yellowish red (5YR 4/6).
BCz horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Reaction: moderately alkaline
Redoximorphic concentrations: similar to those in the Bt horizon.
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These is the
Courtney soils.
Courtney soils formed in alluvium from basic igneous rocks and coarse fragments.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loess
Landforms: shallow depressions and slightly concave swales of the uplands.
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 56 to 76 centimeters (22 to 30 inches)
Mean annual temperature: 9 to 13 degrees C (48 to 55 degrees F)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Butler,
Fillmore,
Hastings, and
Scott soils.
Fillmore and Scott soils are in shallow depressions, have higher water tables and are free of salts.
Hastings soils have water tables greater than 6 feet, free of salts, and they are on higher positions.
Butler soils are in the same landscape position but are free of salts.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: Somewhat poorly drained
Runoff: low
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately low
Ponding: brief following periods of heavy precipitation
Seasonal high water table: 0 to 0.5 meters (0 to 1.5 feet)
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated.
Most common crops are corn, sorghum, and alfalfa where irrigated.
Principal dryland crops are sorghum and wheat.
Native vegetation is grass
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: This series is in the eastern part of Nebraska and is not extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Butler County, Nebraska, 1979.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are: Mollic epipedon: 0 to 36 centimeters (0 to 14 inches) (Ap and Bt1 horizons); Argillic horizon: 15 to 51 centimeters (6 to 20 inches) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons); Aquic soil conditions: 51 to 203 (20 to 80 inches) (BC, C1 and C2 horizons).
These soils have been previously recognized as an alkali phase of Butler soils.
11/2005 JCR and LM Changed to semi-tab format, added metric conversion and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Also, added z subscript to B horizons based on the two NSSL samples.