LOCATION OAKVILLE IN+IL MI NY OH WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Typic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Oakville fine sand, on a backslope position, 7 percent slope in a wooded area at an elevation of 715 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 3 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and very fine, and few medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 10 inches thick)
BE--3 to 6 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and very fine, and common medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bw1--6 to 15 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine to coarse roots throughout; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw2--15 to 27 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) fine sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and very fine, and many medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw3--27 to 42 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) fine sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and very fine, and many medium and coarse roots throughout; strongly acid; clear irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 10 to 50 inches.)
BC--42 to 59 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and very fine, and many medium and coarse roots throughout; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches)
C--59 to 80 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; common fine and very fine, and many medium and coarse roots throughout; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Jasper County, Indiana; about 4 miles south of the Kankakee River (Dunns Bridge) in the Jasper-Pulaski State Game Preserve; 1,720 feet south and 1,820 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 10, T. 32 N., R. 5 E.; U.S.G.S. San Pierre topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 9 minutes 11.0 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 58 minutes 57.0 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 501466 easting and 4555751 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of soil development: 18 to 65 inches
Particle-size control section: averages 50 to 90 percent fine sand, 0 to 25 percent very fine sand, and has a combined silt and clay fraction of less than 10 percent
These soils have a regular decrease in organic matter with increasing depth.
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, 6 or more dry
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
BE horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Some pedons have a thin E horizon.
Bw horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: fine sand or loamy fine sand
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
BC horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: fine sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or loamy sand
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Acquango, Aldo, Bigapple (T), Biltmore, Boplain, Breeze (T), Caesar, Chute, Dabney, Hodge, Osolo, Pahuk, Penwood, Perks, Pinegrove, Plainfield, Sardak, Sarpy, Scotah, Spessard, Suncook, Tyner, and Windsor series. Acquango soils are very slightly saline to moderately saline in the series control section. Aldo, Caesar, Dabney, Osolo, Perks, Pinegrove, Plainfield, and Spessard soils average less than 50 percent fine sand in the particle-size control section. Bigapple and Breeze soils have anthrotransported material within the series control section. Biltmore soils have few to many mica flakes in the series control section. Boplain soils have a paralithic contact in the lower part of the series control section. Chute and Suncook soils are less than 18 inches to the base of soil development. Hodge, Sardak, and Sarpy soils have carbonates within the series control section. Pahuk soils do not have a Bw horizon. Penwood soils have hue redder than 7.5YR in the Bw horizon. Scotah soils have an irregular decrease in organic matter within the series control section. Tyner soils average more than 10 percent silt plus clay in the particle-size control section. Windsor soils are from outside LRR L and M and typically average less than 50 percent fine sand in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Oakville soils formed in sandy eolian deposits on dunes and beach ridges on outwash plains, lake plains, and moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 60 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 47 to 53 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 42 inches, frost-free period ranges from 130 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 580 to 1,530 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are principally the Brems, Denham, Granby, Maumee, Morocco, and Newton soils on outwash plains. The moderately well drained Brems and Denham soils are on lower backslopes and on footslopes of dunes. The very poorly drained Maumee and Newton soils are in depressions between dunes. The somewhat poorly drained Morocco soils are on swells between dunes. The moderately well drained Miami and Morley soils, and the well drained Spinks and Lapeer soils are associated on moraines and till plains. These soils are at the foot of the dunes or occur as knolls between the dunes. The well drained Boyer and Oshtemo soils, and the excessively drained Carver and Windsor soils are also associated on some outwash plains and lake plains. These soils are located between dunes and between beach ridges.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Permeability is rapid. These soils are droughty and require water irrigation to successfully grow most crops. Some areas on low stream terraces are rarely flooded.
USE AND VEGETATION:. Soils are mostly in idle cropland or in woodland. Some areas are in pasture. Vegetables, small grain, and legume-grass hay are the principal crops when cultivated. The native vegetation is mixed hardwoods with oak and white pine the principal species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA's 95A, 95B, 97, 98, 99, 101, 108, 110, 111 and 142 in southern Michigan, northern Illinois, northern Indiana, northwestern Ohio, New York, and eastern Wisconsin. The soils are of large extent, with over 400,000 acres.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Macomb County, Michigan, 1970.
REMARKS: Moderately wet phase, wet substratum phase, and clayey and loamy substratum phases have been correlated. Areas with these phases within the series control section will need to be evaluated during MLRA update activities. The Oakville series correlated in MLRA's 139, 143, and 144A are well outside of the distribution limits of the Oakville concept and will need to be evaluated during modernization projects.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to 3 inches (A horizon)
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 155011 represents the typical pedon.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 155012 represents the 12 to 18 percent slope phase.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab characterization data for the typical pedon (S95IN-073-007) and from several other pedons in this area are available at the National Soil Survey Laboratory in Lincoln, NE. This data (project number CP96-IN031) is a part of a wet soil study in Jasper County by Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.