LOCATION MINERAL WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Vitrandic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Mineral stony ashy loam-woodland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; needles, twigs, bark, leaves, and highly decomposed organic matter; abrupt wavy boundary. (.5 to 2 inches thick)
A--1 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) stony ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and few medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 20 percent gravel and 2 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary;. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bw--7 to 13 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly ashy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
C--13 to 24 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very stony sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, and few medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.7); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 11 inches thick)
R--24 inches; quartz monzonite.
TYPE LOCATION: Colville Indian Reservation, Okanogan County, Washington, about 5 miles northeast of the town of Disautel; 550 feet north, 100 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 34, T. 34 N., R. 29 E., W.M.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 44 to 46 degrees F. These soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts between depths of 8 and 24 inches or a lithic contact for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice. Depth to a lithic contact is 20 to 40 inches. The upper 7 to 14 inches has an estimated moist bulk density of 1.00 to 1.20 g/cc, volcanic glass content of 5 to 20 percent, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 0.4 to 1.0 percent, and 15-bar water retention of 5 to 12 percent for air dried samples. The particle-size control section is 7 to 12 percent clay by weight and 40 to 65 percent rock fragments by volume. Soil reaction is moderately acid to neutral in the solum and slightly acid or neutral in the substratum.
The A horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is 10 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones within the horizon. It has 0.1 to 3 percent surface stones. Some pedons have an A2 or AB horizon that is loam or coarse sandy loam and is gravelly or very gravelly. It is 20 to 40 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones.
The Bw horizon has value of 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist, and chroma of 3 or 4 dry or moist. It is loam, sandy loam, or coarse sandy loam, and is very gravelly or very cobbly. It is 20 to 45 percent gravel, 0 to 25 percent cobbles, and 0 to 20 percent stones.
The C horizon, when present, has value of 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4 dry or moist. It is very cobbly sandy loam or very stony sandy loam and is 5 to 35 percent gravel, 10 to 25 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bearspring, Cassal, Cherrycreek, Eastpine, Egyptcreek, Fredonyer, Longs, Midpeak, Peahke, Scoap, Shalrock, Schilling, Umatilla, and Yellcreek series. Bearspring, Cassal, Scoap, Schilling, Umatilla, and Yellcreek soils are very deep. Cherrycreek soils are deep to a lithic contact. Eastpine soils are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice and have a particle-size control section dominated by metasedimentary rock fragments. Egyptcreek soils have 20 to 27 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Fredonyer soils have mollic epipedons 20 to 40 inches thick. Midpeak soils do not have a component of loess in the upper part, allow hues of 7.5YR and 5YR and formed in red colored breccia, tuff, sandstone and shale. Peahke soils have 18 to 30 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Shalrock soils have less than 50 percent medium and coarse sand in the particle-size control section and formed in material from sedimentary rock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Mineral soils are on mountainsides and ridges at elevations of 2,000 to 5,900 feet. Commonly they are on south exposures but are on north exposures at the lower elevations. Slopes are 5 to 65 percent. These soils formed in colluvium and glacial till from granitic rocks with a component of loess and volcanic ash in the upper part. Average annual precipitation is 17 to 25 inches. The climate is characterized by warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean January temperature is 23 degrees F, the mean July temperature is 64 degrees F, and the mean annual temperature is 41 to 46 degrees F. The frost-free season is 90 to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Buhrig, Canteen, Capoose, Centralpeak, Manley, Merkel, Nevine, Skanid, Stepstone, Vanbrunt, and competing Bearspring soils. Canteen, Manley, Merkel, Nevine, and Stepstone soils are deeper than 40 inches to bedrock. Also, the upper sola of these soils are dominated by volcanic ash. Buhrig and Manley soils are cryic. Buhrig soils are on mountain slopes and knobs. Canteen soils are on footslopes and backslopes of mountains. Manley soils are on upper slopes of foothills and mountains. Nevine and Stepstone soils are on moraines, foothills and mountains. Capoose soils have a volcanic ash mantle greater than 14 inches thick. Centralpeak soils are coarse-loamy and have a volcanic ash mantle 7 to 14 inches thick. Skanid and Vanbrunt soils have a mesic soil temperature regime. Merkel and Skanid soils are on mountains. Capoose, Centralpeak, and Vanbrunt soils are on shoulders and backslopes of mountains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to very rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used primarily for timber production, grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation includes Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and scattered western larch at higher elevations, and an understory of pinegrass, kinnikinnick, common snowberry, rose, pachystima, Oregon-grape, creambush oceanspray, and white spirea.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Washington; MLRA 43A. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Colville Indian Reservation, Okanogan County, Washington, 1987.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are a mollic epipedon from the mineral surface to 7 inches (when mixed), a cambic horizon from 7 to 13 inches, and a lithic contact at 24 inches. The particle-size control section averages 48 percent rock fragments by volume.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data is available for this soil (S83WA-047-009).