LOCATION MAYES OK+AR KS MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Aquertic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Mayes silty clay loam - hayland.
(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 9 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; hard, friable; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick)
AB--9 to 14 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; hard, friable; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Btg1--14 to 34 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; few fine distinct yellowish brown mottles; moderate medium blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; common shiny surfaces on faces of peds; few fine iron-manganese concretions; medium acid; gradual smooth boundary. (11 to 20 inches thick)
Btg2--34 to 43 inches; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) clay, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) dry; few medium distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) mottles; moderate medium blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; common shiny surfaces on faces of peds; few iron-manganese concretions; few fine gypsum crystals; neutral; diffuse smooth boundary. (7 to 18 inches thick)
BCg--43 to 60 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; few fine distinct yellowish brown and few medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) mottles; weak medium blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; few fine calcium carbonate concretions; few iron-manganese concretions; few fine gypsum crystals; mildly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Mayes County, Oklahoma; about 2 miles northeast of Pryor; in a meadow 800 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 3, T. 21 N., R. 19 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches. Cracks 1 cm or more in width and 50 cm or more in depth extend upward to the surface of the soil or to the base of A horizon.
The A horizon and the AB horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 to 2. Texture is silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam with a clay content of 12 to 35 percent. Reaction ranges from neutral to strongly acid. The AB horizon is not present in some pedons.
The Btg1 horizon has the same color as the A horizon and has mottles in shades of gray or brown. Texture is clay loam, silty clay loam, clay or silty clay, and the clay content ranges from 35 to 50 percent. Reaction is medium acid or slightly acid.
The Btg2 horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. Mottles and texture are the same as the Btg1 horizon. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The BCg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 0 to 2. Mottles and texture are the same as the Btg1 horizon. The BCg horizon has few or common iron-manganese concretions, calcium carbonate concretions, and gypsum crystals. Reaction is neutral or mildly alkaline.
In some pedons a C horizon is present with hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 4. Texture is silty clay or clay and contains few or common concretions of calcium carbonate. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bernard series in the same family and the Carwile, Muldrow, Santee, and Woodson series in similar families. The Bernard soils have an A horizon that is 8 inches or less in thickness and have higher soil temperature than 62 degrees F. The Carwile, Muldrow, and Santee soils do not have cracks to depths of 20 inches when dry. Woodson soils have an abrupt textural change between the A horizon and Bt horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The nearly level Mayes soils are on broad, smooth uplands in the Cherokee Prairies. Slope gradients are 0 to 1 percent. Mayes soils formed in loamy and clayey sediments of Mississippi or Pennsylvanian age. The climate is humid. Average annual precipitation ranges from 38 to 45 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 59 to 62 degrees. Thornthwaite annual P-E index ranges from 64 to 80.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Choteau, Dennis, Lenapah, Lula, Okemah, Parsons, Summit, and Taloka soils. Choteau and Dennis soils occur on slightly higher areas. Lenapah and Lula soils are on slightly lower areas. Okemah, Parsons, Summit, and Taloka soils are on similar landscapes. Choteau, Dennis, Lenapah, Lula, Okemah, and Summit soils do not have an aquic moisture regime, and all of the soils, except Lenapah and Summit do not have montmorillonitic mineralogy. In addition, Lenapah soils have a solum less than 20 inches thick. The Parsons and Taloka soils have an abrupt texture change from the albic horizon to the argillic horizon and do not have mollic epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; very slow runoff; very slow permeability. Water table is present within 1 to 2 feet of the surface for short periods during December to April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for cultivated crops such as wheat, corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum. Some areas are used for tame pasture or rangeland. Native vegetation is tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Cherokee Prairies of northeastern Oklahoma, possibly Kansas, Arkansas, and Missouri. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mayes County, Oklahoma; 1972.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - zone from the surface to a depth of about 43 inches. (A, AB, Btg1, Btg2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - zone from 14 to 43 inches. (Btg1, Btg2 horizons)
Vertic Argiaquolls - soils with an aquic moisture regime; the lower part of the mollic epipedon (Btg2 horizon) has distinct or prominent mottles; have an argillic horizon; have cracks at some period in most years that are 1 cm or more wide at a depth of 20 inches, that are at least 12 inches long in some part, that extend upward to the surface or to the base of the Ap horizon, and have COLE of 0.09 or more in the Btg1 horizon and a potential linear extensibility of 6 cm or more in the soil to a depth of 40 inches; and have more than 35 percent clay content in the Btg1 horizon.