LOCATION MAKINEN MITentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, dysic, mesic Terric Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Makinen muck - on a 1 percent slopes under bog vegetation. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated. When described on August 3, 1996, the soil was moist to a depth of 24 inches and saturated below.)
Oa1--0 to 4 inches; black (5YR 2.5/1) broken face, black (7.5YR 2.5/1) rubbed muck; about 5 percent fiber, less than 5 percent rubbed; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Oa2--4 to 14 inches; black (7.5YR 2.5/1) broken face and rubbed muck; about 10 percent fiber, less than 5 percent rubbed; weak medium platy structure; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Oa3--14 to 22 inches; black (7.5YR 2.5/1) broken face, black (5YR 2.5/1) rubbed muck; about 20 percent fibers, about 5 percent rubbed; weak medium subangular blocky structure; ultra acid; clear wavy boundary.
Oa4--22 to 31 inches; black (7.5YR 2.5/1) broken face and rubbed muck; about 20 percent fibers, 10 percent rubbed; weak medium subangular blocky structure; ultra acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Oa horizons in 16 to 51 inches)
C--31 to 80 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sand; massive; very friable; common medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Manistee County, Michigan; about 4 miles southwest of the village of Copemish; 2,100 feet south and 1780 feet west of the northeast corner, sec. 34, T. 24 N., R. 14 W; USGS Copemish topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 26 minutes 09 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 59 minutes 09 seconds W.; Springdale Township.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the sandy C horizon ranges from 16 to 51 inches. The organic fibers are derived primarily from herbaceous plants, but some layers contain as much as 15 percent material of wood origin. Reaction is ultra to very strongly acid.
The organic layers have hue of 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral, value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 0 to 3. It is dominantly muck (sapric material), however, some pedons have thin layers of mucky peat (hemic material) less than 10 inches thick. Some pedons have a thin mat, 1 to 4 inches thick, of sphagnum moss on the surface. Thin layers, less than 5 inches thick, of peat (fibric material) are in some pedons. In some pedons a sedimentary peat layer 1 to 2 inches thick is present above the C horizon
The C horizon has hue of 5YR to 5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is sand.
COMPETING SERIES:
These are the
Manahawkin and
Swansea series. The Manahawkin and Swansea soils formed under more annual precipitation than the Makinen soils.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Makinen soils occupy shallow closed depressions primarily on outwash plains, lake plains, but can occur on end and ground moraines. Slope gradients are 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from about 30 to 32 inches, and the mean annual temperature is about 47 to 49 degrees F. Elevations are 600 to 1000 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brethren (T), Kaleva (T), Copemish (T), and Lumley (T). The Brethren, Kaleva and Copemish soils are sandy and are on associated landforms. The Lumley soils are in nearby depressions where the organic deposits are deeper.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is very low or negligible. Permeability is moderately slow to moderately rapid in the organic material and rapid in the sandy deposits. The depth to the seasonal high water table ranges from 1 foot above the surface to 1 foot below the surface from September to June.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is in native vegetation. Native trees included tamarack, black spruce, and white pine. Understory vegetation includes leatherleaf, cranberries, sphagnum moss, cotton grass, bog rosemary, blueberries, and pitcher plants.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwester part of the lower peninsular of Michigan. The series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES PROPOSED: Manistee County, Michigan, 1998
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Sapric material - from the surface to 31 inches (Oa1, Oa2, Oa3, and Oa4 horizons). Terric feature - mineral material
in the zone from 31 to 60 inches (C horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: