LOCATION LINEVILLE IA+MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Lineville silt loam on a convex ridgetop of 5 percent gradient - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) kneaded, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; sand grains evident; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
E--7 to 10 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; discontinuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) coatings on faces of peds; common medium faint brown (10YR 4/3) mottles; weak fine platy structure and moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; sand grains evident; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 15 inches; mixed brown (10YR 4/3) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; few fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; numerous sand grains; thin discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; light gray (10YR 7/2) dry silt and fine sand coatings on faces of some peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
2Bt2--15 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam; common fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) mottles and few fine faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; many pores; thin discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; few light gray (10YR 7/2) dry silt and fine sand coatings on faces of some peds; many dark concretions (oxides); medium acid; gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt3--23 to 29 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and brown (10YR 4/3) loam; common fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many pores; thin discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; few light gray (10YR 7/2) dry silt and fine sand coatings on faces of some peds; many dark concretions (oxides); medium acid; gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt4--29 to 36 inches; mottled brown (7.5YR 4/4), grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many pores; thin discontinuous very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay films on faces of peds; few light gray (10YR 7/2) dry silt and fine sand coatings on faces of peds; many concretions (oxides); medium acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons is 16 to 28 inches.)
3Bt5--36 to 42 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay loam; common medium prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) mottles and few fine faint yellowish red (5YR 4/8) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; thin discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; a pebble band in the upper part of the horizon; medium acid; clear smooth boundary.
3Bt6--42 to 58 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay loam; common fine distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) and few fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; many pebbles; few black concretions (oxides); neutral; clear smooth boundary.
3Bt7--58 to 72 inches; mottled strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; thin discontinuous dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common fine soft black oxides; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Wayne County, Iowa; about 5 miles east of Corydon; 1270 feet north and 1430 feet west of the southeast corner, sec. 24, T. 69 N., R. 21 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 44 to 80 inches or more. The solum typically is medium acid or strongly acid in the most acid part. Carbonates are not present to a depth of 72 inches or more.
The A or Ap horizon is very dark brown (10YR 2/2), very dark gray (10YR 3/1) or very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2). The E horizon is dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) or grayish brown (10YR 5/2). The A and E horizons typically are silt loam but some pedons are loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR with value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 or 3.
The upper part of the 2Bt horizon typically has value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 through 4 and is mottled. The lower part of the 2Bt horizon has hue of 2.5Y, 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 through 6. Mottles with chroma of 2 are within the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon. The 2Bt horizon is loam or clay loam. Clay content typically is about 26 to 30 percent but ranges from 20 to 35 percent. A pebble band typically is between the 2Bt and the 3Bt horizons or in the upper part of the 3Bt horizon.
The upper part of the 3Bt horizon typically has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 or 6. It is clay loam or clay. Clay content typically is about 38 to 43 percent but ranges from 35 to 45 percent. The lower part of the 3Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y with value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2, 4, or 6. It is clay loam with clay content ranging from 28 to 36 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alida, Ashippun, Kasson, Kibbie, Locke, Lourdes, Macomb, Montmorenci, Mosel, Newry, Oran, and Symco soils in the same family and the Adair, Armstrong, Clarinda, Galland, and Keswick series. Alida soils have less clay in the lower part of the solum and have C horizons that are dominantly sand or sand and gravel. Ashippun soils have 5 to 25 percent by volume of partially weathered shale fragments in the 2Bt horizon, have thinner sola, and are less acid. Kasson soils lack matrix soil colors with hue of 7.5YR or redder. Kibbie soils have a thinner sola, lack matrix soil colors with hue of 7.5YR or redder, and have C horizons with higher sand content. Locke, Macomb, Montmorenci, Mosel, and Symco soils have thinner sola and contain free carbonates within depths of 42 inches. Lourdes soils have distinct gray faces of peds, very firm consistence in the B horizon and lack 7.5YR or redder hue in the B horizon. Newry soils lack matrix soil colors with hue of 7.5YR or redder. Oran soils have less clay in the lower solum. Adair, Armstrong, Clarinda, Galland, and Keswick soils contain more clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lineville soils commonly are on convex ridgetops (summits of interfluves) slightly lower in elevation than the associated loess-derived soils but slightly higher than the associated soils that have most of the solum formed in weathered glacial till. They occur on somewhat stable ridgetops that remain after interstream divides have been lowered by geologic erosion. Slope gradients range from 2 to 9 percent. Lineville soils formed in multiple parent material. The upper 10 to 20 inches of the soil formed in loess or loamy sediments with a low sand content. The middle 18 to 30 inches formed in erosional sediments with 30 to 40 percent sand. The lower portion formed in weathered glacial till (Late Sangamon paleosol). Mean annual temperature ranges from 49 to 54 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 34 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Adair and Keswick soils and the Gara, Kniffin, and Pershing soils. Adair, Keswick, and Gara soils are at slightly lower elevations on side slopes. Gara soils formed entirely in glacial till and lack the gray mottles in the upper part of the argillic horizon. Kniffin and Pershing soils are on slightly higher elevations. They formed in loess and are in the fine particle size class.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained and somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is medium. Permeability is slow. A seasonal perched water table is common above the pebble band.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cropped to corn, oats, hay or are in pasture. Native vegetation was prairie grasses and deciduous trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Iowa and northern Missouri. They are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Appanoose County, Iowa, 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 10 inches (Ap and E horizon); argillic horizon - the zone from 10 inches to a depth of 72 inches (Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, 3Bt5, and 3Bt6 horizons).