LOCATION LENAPAH OKEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey, smectitic, thermic Lithic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lenapah silty clay loam - cultivated.
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate medium granular structure; very hard, friable; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
BA--7 to 12 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; strong medium granular structure; very hard, firm; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
Bt--12 to 18 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) moist; few fine prominent mottles of olive brown and reddish brown; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; clay films on faces of peds; a few vertical cracks filled with material from horizons above; few fine calcium carbonate fragments; few fine black concretions; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)
R--18 to 20 inches; hard limestone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Craig County, Oklahoma; about 6.5 miles east and 5 miles north of Centralia; 300 feet south and 100 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 35, T. 28 N., R. 19 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soil is 15 to 20 inches thick over hard limestone bedrock. These soils have horizons totaling 10 inches or more in thickness with 35 percent or more clay.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is silty clay loam with a clay content that ranges from 35 to 40 percent. Reaction is slightly acid or medium acid.
The BA horizon has color and texture the same as the A horizon. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. It commonly has few to common mottles of higher chroma. Texture is clay, silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam with a clay content that ranges from 35 to 55 percent. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to neutral.
The R layer is very hard limestone bedrock and is fractured at 1 to 5 feet intervals with an insignificant amount of soil material in the cracks.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Tarpley soils in the same family and the Apperson, Durant, Foraker, Graham, Kenoma, Ledru, Parisian, Purves, Speck, Summit, Tabler, Talpa, and Tarrant soils in similar families. Apperson, Kenoma, Parisian, and Summit series are moist for longer periods of time and have a solum greater than 20 inches. Durant, Foraker, and Tabler soils have a solum greater than 20 inches thick. Ledru and Graham soils are dry for longer periods of time. In addition, Ledru and Speck soils have mixed mineralogy. Purves, Talpa, and Tarrant soils do not have an argillic horizon. In addition, the Talpa soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control section, and the Tarrant soils have more than 35 percent fragments larger than 2 mm. Speck soils have mixed mineralogy. Tarpley soils have an argillic horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 5YR and formed over cretaceous material in a warmer climate than 64 degrees.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Lenapah soils occur on nearly level to strongly sloping areas of the upland in the Cherokee Prairie. Slope gradients are mainly between 0 and 8 percent. These soils formed in material weathered from limestone of Pennsylvanian age. The climate is moist humid or humid. Average annual precipitation is 37 to 46 inches. Thornthwaite annual P-E index ranges from 64 to 80. The mean annual temperature ranges from 57 to 64 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Summit soils and the Claremore, Mayes, and Shidler soils. Claremore and Shidler soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control section and have mixed mineralogy. In addition, Shidler soils lack argillic horizons. Mayes soils have sola more than 40 inches thick and have an aquic moisture regime.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium or slow runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for growing small grains, soybeans, and sorghums but lesser amounts are used for native range, hayland, or tame pasture. The native vegetation is tall grass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Cherokee Prairies of Oklahoma and probably Kansas. The known acreage is inextensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mayes County, Oklahoma; 1972.
REMARKS: These soils formerly were mapped in the Sogn series in Oklahoma.
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - zone from the surface to a depth of about 18 inches. (Ap, BA, Bt horizons)
Argillic horizon - zone between a depth of 12 and 18 inches. (Bt horizon)
Lithic feature - depth to hard limestone bedrock is less than 20 inches. (R layer)
Vertic feature - have cracks at some period in most years that are 1 cm or more wide at a depth of 20 inches, that are at least 12 inches long in some part, and extend upward to the surface or to the base of an Ap horizon; have a COLE of 0.07 or more and a potential linear extensibility of 6 cm or more in the whole soil; and have 35 percent or more clay content throughout the soil.
Argiustolls - soils that have an ustic moisture regime, mollic epipedon, and argillic horizon.