LOCATION LANSING NYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Glossic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Lansing gravelly silt loam - reforested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap-- 0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) gravelly silt loam; moderate medium and fine granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; 15 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 11 inches thick.)
BE-- 6 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; many fine pores; 10 percent brown (10YR 4/3) interiors of peds; few dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) vertical worm casts in upper part; 20 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; gradual irregular boundary. (2 to 12 inches thick.)
Bt/E-- 17 to 28 inches brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; thick clay linings on surfaces along pores and along old root channels; pale brown (10YR 6/3), light gray (10YR 7/2) dry, light silt loam coatings on faces of peds 1 millimeter thick, that constitutes less than 15 percent of the layer; 25 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; gradual irregular boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick.)
Bt-- 28 to 42 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine pores with continuous clay linings on surfaces along pores; moderately thick patchy clay films on all faces of peds; 30 percent rock fragments; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (12 to 20 inches thick.)
C-- 42 to 65 inches, brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly silt loam, few dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) patches; weak medium platy structure; firm grading to very firm in the lower part; few pores; common fine faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; 30 percent rock fragments; slightly effervescent at 47 inches; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Madison County, New York, town of Eaton, one-half mile east of village of Morrisville and 70 feet north of U. S. 20. USGS Morrisville, NY topographic quadrangle; Latitude 42 degrees, 53 minutes, 54 seconds N. and Longitude 75 degrees, 37 minutes, 42 seconds W. NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of solum ranges from 32 to 60 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Depth to carbonates ranges from 30 to 60 inches. Coarse fragment content ranges from 2 to 45 percent in individual horizons in the solum and 20 to 50 percent in the C horizon. The soil ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the Ap and B horizons and neutral to moderately alkaline in the C horizon.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine earth fraction.
The E or BE horizons have hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. They are very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine earth fraction. They have weak platy or subangular blocky structure.
The Bt/E horizon has properties like the E horizon on exteriors of peds and like the Bt horizon in interiors of peds.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam in the fine earth fraction with weighted average of 18 to 28 percent clay. It has weak to strong, medium to coarse subangular blocky structure and/or is prismatic. Consistence is friable or firm. It has few to common redoximorphic features below a depth of 40 inches in some pedons.
The BC horizon, when present, has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma
of 2 to 4. It is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam in the fine earth fraction. Structure is subangular blocky or prismatic, or it is massive. Consistence is friable or firm.
The C, or Cd horizon in some pedons, has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is fine sandy loam to silt loam in the fine earth fraction. It is massive or has weak or moderate, medium or thick plate-like divisions. It is firm or very firm.
COMPETING SERIES: The Fairport, Honeoye, Ontario, Wampsville, and Wassaic series are in the same family. Honeoye soils have solum less than 32 inches. Ontario soils have hue of 7.5YR or redder in at least one subhorizon of the Bt horizon. Wampsville soils are stratified in the lower part of the series control section. Fairport and Wassaic soils have bedrock within a depth of 40 inches.
The Aurora, Cazenovia, Conesus, Danley, Hilton, Lima, Madrid, and Mohawk series are similar soils in related families. Aurora, Conesus, Danley, and Nunda soils have mottles with chroma of 2 or less in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon. Cazenovia soils have more than 28 percent clay in the Bt horizon. Hilton and Lima soils have redox features within a depth of 40 inches. Madrid soils have coarse-loamy particle-size control sections. Mohawk soils have Ap horizons with moist color value of 3 or less.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lansing soils are nearly level to rolling and steep soils on till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 60 percent. The soil formed in till of late Wisconsin age derived from shale, limestone, fine grained sandstone and siltstone. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 45 inches, mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 49 degrees F., and the mean frost-free season ranges from 110 to 180 days. Elevation ranges from 400 to 1800 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amboy, Appleton, Arkport, Aurora, Colonie, Conesus, Dunkirk, Howard, Hudson, and Lyons soils. Amboy, Dunkirk, and Hudson soils, and their wetter associates, formed in nearby lacustrine sediments. Appleton, Conesus, and Lyons soils are the progressively wetter members of the same drainage sequence. Arkport and Colonie soils formed in nearby sandy deltaic deposits. Aurora soils have bedrock within a depth of 40 inches. Howard soils formed in outwash materials.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Internal drainage is slow or very slow. The potential for surface runoff is very low to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high within the mineral solum, but moderately low or moderately high in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are farmed. Crops are dominantly corn, small grains, and hay in support of dairying, but some vegetable crops are grown. Woodlots contain sugar maple, red and white oak, and American beech.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Dominantly in a belt on the north facing slope of the Allegheny Plateau from western Pennsylvania to the central Mohawk Valley and in valleys of the glaciated Allegheny Plateau in New York. MLRA's 101, 140, and 144A. The soil is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tompkins County, New York, 1920.
REMARKS: After a review of the use of the Lansing and Ontario series for the range of the color hue in the Bt, the requirement that at least one subhorizon be 7.5YR or redder was added to Ontario and the competing series section of Lansing and Ontario were adjusted to reflect the change.
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typical pedon are as follows:
(1) Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 6 inches (Ap horizon).
(2) Argillic horizon - the zone from 17 to 42 inches (Bt/E and Bt horizons).
(3) Glossic subgroup - as evidenced by interfingering of Albic material around peds in the upper part of the Argillic horizon (Bt/E horizon) and mean annual soil temperature less than 10 degrees C.