LOCATION KIPLING MS+AL AREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Vertic Paleudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Kipling silt loam--pasture.
(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise
stated.)
A--0 to 1 inch; dark gray (5Y 4/1) silt loam; few fine faint gray mottles; moderate fine granular structure; friable, slightly plastic; many fine roots; many brown and dark gray root stains;
few root and worm channels; medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
1 to 6 inches thick)
E--1 to 3 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam; common
medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; weak fine
subangular blocky and fine granular structure; friable; slightly plastic; many fine roots; few coarse roots; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--3 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) silty clay; common medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky, plastic, many
fine roots; many root and worm channels filled with gray silt
loam; clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--8 to 13 inches; mottled brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), light olive gray (5Y 6/2), and red
(2.5YR 4/8) silty clay; moderate fine and medium angular and subangular blocky structure; firm, very sticky, very plastic;
many fine roots, few coarse roots; clay films on faces of peds;
very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness
of the upper parts of the Bt horizons is 8 to 15 inches.)
Bt3--13 to 27 inches; mottled gray (5Y 6/1), yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), and yellowish red (5YR 4/8) silty clay; moderate fine
and medium angular and subangular blocky structure; firm, very sticky, very plastic; many fine roots, few coarse roots; clay
films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
(10 to 15 inches thick)
BC--27 to 43 inches; mottled light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and
gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay; moderate fine and medium angular and subangular blocky structure; few slickensides that do not
intersect; firm, very sticky, very plastic; few fine roots; root channels filled with gray clay; clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 18 inches thick)
C1--43 to 54 inches; mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), and gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay; common coarse slickensides form wedge shaped aggregates that part to moderate fine and medium angular and subangular blocky fragments; firm, very sticky, very plastic; few fine roots; few fine
manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 25 inches thick)
C2--54 to 62 inches; mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)
silty clay; intersecting slickensides form wedge shaped
aggregates that part to angular blocky fragments; firm, very
sticky, very plastic; few fine roots; many fine manganese
concretions and coatings; few lime concretions; root channels
filled with gray clay; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6
to 15 inches thick)
C3--62 to 72 inches; mottled brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), and olive gray (5Y 5/2) clay; intersecting slickensides form wedge
shaped aggregates that part to angular blocky fragments; firm;
very sticky, very plastic; few fine roots; many lime concretions, many fine manganese concretions; mildly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Monroe County, Mississippi; 2.5 miles east of
Egypt and 800 feet north of local road, 495 feet south and 100
feet west of NE corner of NE1/4SW1/4 sec. 4, T. 14 S., R. 6 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum ranges from 25 to 55 inches
in thickness. The acid Bt horizon is irregularly underlain by calcareous clay and partially weathered chalk at a depth that
varies from 36 to 80 inches or more. The calcium-magnesium ratio
is more than 1.0. The A, E, and Bt horizons range from extremely acid to medium acid; the BC and C horizons range from very
strongly acid to moderately alkaline.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 4; or it is neutral with value of 3 or 4, and
chroma of 0. It is silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, clay loam,
or silty clay loam.
The E horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR or 2.5YR, value of
5 or 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5Y, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value
of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8; it has few to many mottles that have chroma of 2 or less, or it is mottled in shades of yellow, brown, gray, and red. In some pedons the lower part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, value of 5 to 7 and chroma
of 1 or 2, and with mottles in shades of brown, yellow, and gray. The Bt horizon is silty clay loam, silty clay, clay loam, or
clay. The particle size control section, the upper 20 inches of
the Bt horizon, has from 35 to 60 percent clay and typically is between 45 and 55 percent.
The BC and C horizons typically are mottled in shades of yellow,
red, brown, and gray, but in some pedons these horizons have a
matrix in hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, with value of 5 to 7, and
chroma of 1 or 2 and with mottles in shades of brown and yellow.
The texture is silty clay or clay. Manganese concretions in the
C horizon are few to many, and lime nodules, if present, are few
to many.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Etoile,
Lorman,
Rayburn,
Wilcox,
and
Woodtell series in the same family and the
Boswell,
Bryarly,
Eutaw,
Mayhew,
Oktibbeha,
Sessum,
Susquehanna, and
Vaiden.
Etoile soils have a C horizon that is laminated calcareous clay
or marl. Lorman soils are better drained and have a C horizon
with few to many siltstone fragments. Rayburn soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Wilcox soils
are underlain by acid clayey shale and have a calcium to
magnesium ratio of less than 1. Woodtell soils have an abrupt textural change between the A and Bt horizons. Boswell and Susquehanna soils have a thicker solum and are not underlain by
marly clay. Bryarly soils are moderately well drained and have a soft powdery lime in the lower solum. Eutaw, Mayhew, and Sessum soils are poorly drained and have grayer colors. Oktibbeha soils
do not have mottles with chroma of 2 or less in the upper 10
inches of the Bt horizon and have more than 60 percent clay in
the upper 20 inches of the Bt horizon. Vaiden soils have more
than 60 percent clay and have intersecting slickensides above a
depth of 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kipling soils are nearly level to steep.
These soils formed in clayey sediments on stream terraces and in uplands of the Blackland Prairie. Slopes range from 0 to 40
percent. The climate is warm and humid. Near the type location,
the mean annual temperature is 63 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation is 52 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Eutaw,
Oktibbeha,
Sessum, and
Vaiden series and the
Angie,
Brooksville,
Freest,
Okolona,
Sumter, and
Watsonia series. The poorly drained Eutaw soils are on broad nearly level surfaces. Moderately well drained Oktibbeha soils and somewhat poorly drained Vaiden soils
are in similar positions as the Kipling soils. Poorly drained
Sessum soils are on nearly level to gently sloping uplands in the Blackland
Prairie. Moderately well drained Angie and Freest
soils and well drained Sumter and Watsonia soils are in similar positions as the Kipling soils and, in addition, the Angie soils
have a thick solum, mixed mineralogy, and lower shrink-swell properties; the Freest soils have a fine-loamy particle-size
class and siliceous mineralogy; the Sumter soils are calcareous;
the Watsonia soils have a solum ranging from 10 to 20 inches in thickness. Somewhat poorly drained Brooksville and well drained Okolona soils, which are on broad, nearly level to gently sloping uplands, have intersecting slickensides in the 10- to 40-inch
control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; slow runoff;
and permeability is very slow. Water is perched at a depth of
1.5 to 3.0 feet during wet seasons late in winter and early in spring.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are cropped to
cotton, soybeans, and small grains. Some areas are used for
pasture and hay. Smaller acreages are in mixed hardwoods,
shortleaf pine, and loblolly pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and
Texas. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Prentiss County, Mississippi; 1950.
REMARKS: Kipling soils were formerly classified in the
Red-Yellow Padzolic great soil group.