LOCATION KINZEL OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, amorphic Typic Haplocryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Kinzel gravelly silt loam, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--1 1/2 inches to 0; loose litter of needles, twigs, cones, leaves, etc.
A1--0 to 1 1/2 inches; black (10YR 2/1) gravelly silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; many clean light gray silica sand grains; weak very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many roots; many very fine and fine irregular and tubular pores; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (1/2 to 3 inches thick)
A2--1 1/2 to 13 inches; very dark brown (7.5YR 2/2) gravelly silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry; moderate very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; many roots; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.5); gradual smooth boundary. (7 to 15 inches thick)
Bw1--13 to 22 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely cobbly silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; 20 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--22 to 28 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) extremely cobbly silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; 20 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 20 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 5 to 27 inches)
BC--28 to 38 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) extremely cobbly silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; 30 percent gravel, 35 percent cobbles and 5 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
C--38 to 60 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely cobbly sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; 30 percent gravel, 35 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; moderately acid (pH 5.7). (10 to 50 inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Clackamas County, Oregon; 300 feet east of the north corner of Bull Run Lake; SE1/4 SW1/4 section 21, T.1S., R.8E., W.M.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soil is usually moist and are dry for less than 45 consecutive days during the summer between depths of 8 and 24 inches. The mean annual soil temperature is 42 to 47 degrees F. Depth to bedrock or cemented till dominantly is greater than 60 inches. Thickness of the solumis 24 to 50 inches. Rock fragments range from 15 to 80 percent in the control section with a weighted average of more than 35 percent. The fine earth fraction of the particle-size control section contains 20 to 60 percent volcanic ash or other pyroclastic materials, and has less than 20 percent clay. It has greater than 85 percent phosphate retention, acid oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of more than 2.0 percent, and 15 to 20 percent 15-bar moisture based on an air-dried sample. Moist bulk density is 0.85 to 0.95 grams per cubic centimeter. The umbric epipedon is 10 to 18 inches thick.
The upper part of the A horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 1 or 2. The lower part has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, with occasional variegations of 5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 dry. It is gravelly or very gravelly silt loam. Organic matter is 8 to 15 percent.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value closest to 4 moist and 5 or 6 dry and chroma of 3 or 4 moist or dry. It is extremely cobbly silt loam, extremely cobbly loam, or extremely cobbly sandy loam with 15 to 40 percent gravel, 20 to 40 percent cobbles, and 5 to 20 percent stones.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It has textures similar to the Bw horizon with 15 to 60 percent gravel, 20 to 50 percent cobbles, and 5 to 20 percent stones.
Compact, cemented glacial till is at depths of 5 or 6 feet in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Divers, Highcamp, Holderman, and Valsetz series. Divers, Highcamp, Holderman, and Valsetz soils have ochric epipedons. In addition, Highcamp soils are 40 to 60 inches to bedrock. Holderman soils are 20 to 40 inches to bedrock. (see remarks for similar competing soils)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Kinzel soils are on smooth slopes in glaciated valleys in the Cascade Mountains. Elevations are 2,800 and 4,800 feet. Slopes are 5 to 90 percent. The soils formed in medium textured glacial till and volcanic ash mixed with colluvium weathered mostly from rocks of the Cascade Andesite Formation (olivine basalts and olivine-bearing andesites) although material weathered from the Columbia River Basalt Formation is also included in some areas. The climate is characterized by cold wet winters and cool moist summers. The mean annual precipitation is 70 to 145 inches, falling as rain in the early autumn and late spring, and snow in the late autumn, early spring and winter. Rainfall amounts are relatively low in the summer. The mean January temperature is 30 degrees F. The mean July temperature is 58 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free period is 10 to 45 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Lastance soils and the competing Talapus soils. Lastance soils have E horizons and spodic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: The Kinzel soils are used for producing timber, and for wildlife habitat, and recreation. Overstory vegetation is Douglas fir, western hemlock, noble fir, western redcedar, and silver fir. Understory plants dominantly are vanilla leaf, insideout flower, and devils club.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Cascade Mountains of northwestern Oregon;MLRA 3. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clackamas County, Oregon (Bull Run, Sandy Area), 1976.
REMARKS: This draft reflects a change in classification from Medial-skeletal Andic Cryumbrepts based on the Andisol Order.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Umbric epipedon - from 0 to 13 inches (A1 and A2 horizons)
Cambic horizon - from 13 to 38 inches (Bw1, Bw2, and BC horizons)
Particle-size control section - from 0 to 40 inches (A1, A2, Bw1, Bw2, and BC horizons and upper 2 inches of the C horizon) with a weighted average of 48 percent rock fragments.
Andic soil properties from 0 to 60 inches based on guidelines developed from laboratory data for soils recognized in western Oregon Cascades.
Competing series using the Andic Cryumbrepts classification include Alfir, Naxing, Saydab, and Stahl series.