LOCATION KIBBIE MI+IN OH WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Kibbie loam, on a 2 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
E--7 to 11 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--11 to 19 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many fine roots; few lenses of very fine sand 1/8- to 1-inch thick; thin clay films on faces of peds and in root channels; common medium faint brown (10YR 4/3) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--19 to 34 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; thin lenses of very fine sand and silt loam; thin clay films on faces of peds and in some root channels; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 8 to 34 inches.)
C--34 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) stratified silt loam, fine sand and very fine sand; massive; friable; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; many medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Lapeer County, Michigan; about 9 miles east and 2 1/2 miles north of North Branch; 760 feet east and 420 feet north of the southwest corner of southeast quarter of sec. 23, T. 10 N., R. 12 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum and the depth to carbonates typically are 28 to 42 inches but ranges from 24 to 48 inches. Rock fragment content is less than 1 percent throughout the pedon.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 (5 or less dry), and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is loam, silt loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is loam, silt loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam. The thickness and sequence of strata of silt loam, fine sandy loam, fine sand, and very fine sand are variable within short horizontal distances. The argillic horizon ranges from 18 to 35 percent clay. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral, and includes slightly alkaline in the lower part.
Some pedons have a BC or BCg horizon.
Some pedons have Bk horizons with colors and textures similar to that of the C horizon.
The C or Cg horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. The thickness and sequence of layers of different textures in the C horizon vary within short horizontal distances. The strata are dominantly silt loam to fine sand. The strata range in thickness from 1/4 to more than 15 inches. In some pedons strata 1/4 to 3 inches thick ranging from clay to loamy sand or fine sand are in the lower part of the B horizon and in the C horizon. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
Silty clay loam and clay loam till is below 40 inches in some pedons. Sandy substratum phases that have sand or fine sand below 40 inches are recognized. These sandy substratum phases may have stratified silt loam to sand between the solum and sandy substratum.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alida, Ashippun, Locke, Lourdes, Macomb, Marker, Montmorenci, Mosel, and Symco series. The Alida, Ashippun, Locke, Lourdes, Macomb, Marker, Montmorenci, and Symco soils contain more than 1 percent rock fragments in some part of the series control section. Mosel soils have dominant textures that contain more than 28 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kibbie soils formed in stratified loamy and silty glaciofluvial or glaciolacustrine deposits on lake plains, ground moraines, outwash plains, and deltas of Wisconsin Age. Slope gradients range from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 36 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 47 to 50 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The poorly drained or very poorly drained Colwood, the well drained Sisson, and the moderately well drained Tuscola soils are in a drainage sequence with Kibbie soils. Conover and Metamora soils are associated where deltas and outwash plains grade into till plains, and Del Rey and Lenawee soils are associated on lake plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the seasonal high water table ranges from 1 to 2 feet below the surface from November to May in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to medium. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Kibbie soils are mostly cultivated. Corn, small grains, beans, and hay are the principal crops. A small part is in permanent pasture or in woodland. The native vegetation is forests of American elm, American beech, red maple, and American basswood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA's 95A, 95B, 96, 98, 99, and 111 in southern Michigan, northern Indiana, southeastern Wisconsin, and northwestern Ohio. The series is of large extent, about 160,000 acres.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Newton County, Indiana; 1943.
REMARKS: The till substratum and sandy substratum phases will become new series when their area of use is updated.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 11 inches (Ap and E horizons); albic horizon - the zone from 7 to 11 inches (E horizon); argillic horizon - the zone from 11 to 34 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons); aquic conditions - the zone from 19 to 60 inches.