LOCATION ITAT WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Haploxerepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Itat cobbly loam - forested on a 14 percent south-facing backslope at an elevation of 2,700 feet. (Colors are dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; needles, leaves, and twigs.
A--1 to 4 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) cobbly loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular and weak very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
BA--4 to 10 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) gravelly loam, dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bw--10 to 22 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) gravelly loam, dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
BC--22 to 32 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) very gravelly loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 45 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
C--32 to 61 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) extremely cobbly loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 40 percent gravel and 35 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, Washington; about 9 miles northeast of Goldendale; 1,100 feet south and 50 feet east of the northwest corner, section 13, T. 5N., R. 17 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 48 to 52 degrees F. The soil moisture control section is usually moist, but is dry in all parts for 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice. The thickness of the solum is 20 to 40 inches. The particle-size control section averages 35 to 60 percent rock fragments.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 to 4 dry and moist.
The BA and Bw horizons have hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 4 to 6 dry and moist. Rock fragments range from 20 to 35 percent including 15 to 25 percent gravel and 5 to 10 percent cobbles. Reaction is moderately acid or slightly acid.
The BC horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 4 to 6 dry and moist. The soil averages from 30 to 50 percent gravel and 5 to 10 percent cobbles. Reaction is moderately acid or slightly acid.
The C horizon averages from 45 to 75 percent rock fragments including 40 to 60 percent gravel and 5 to 35 percent cobbles. Texture is extremely cobbly loam, very gravelly loam or extremely gravelly sandy clay loam. Reaction is moderately acid or slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Brownbear , Burwill, Caris, Indleton , Maki, and Pardaloe series. Brownbear, Burwill and Caris soils are 40 to 60 inches to a lithic contact. Indleton soils have 10YR hues throughout and are dry for 90 to 100 consecutive days in summer and fall. Maki soils have a lithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Pardaloe soils have a mean annual soil temperature of 54 to 59 degrees F, and are dry from July through September.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Itat soils are on foothills, hillsides, and plateaus at elevations of 1,700 to 3,200 feet. Itat soils formed in residuum and colluvium from basalt and minor amounts of loess and in some places old alluvium with quartzitic gravel. Summers are warm and dry and winters are cool and moist. The mean annual precipitation is 18 to 25 inches. The average January temperature is 26 degrees F, and the average July temperature is 64 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 45 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free season is about 110 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Berson, Gunn, Kiakus, Leidl, Munset, Nook, Rockly and Wahoo soils. Berson soils are frigid. Gunn soils have an argillic horizon and are fine-loamy. Kiakus, Leidl and Munset soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to bedrock. Nook soils have a mollic epipedon. Rockly and Wahoo soils are less than 20 inches deep to lithic contact.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for timber production, grazable woodland, and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is ponderosa pine and Oregon white oak, with an understory of antelope bitterbrush, elk sedge, common snowberry, snowbrush ceanothus, creambush oceanspray, lupine, and American vetch.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klickitat County, Washington; MLRA 6. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klickitat County, Washington, 2003.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from 1 to 10 inches
Cambic horizon - the zone from 10 to 32 inches.
Particle-size control section - the zone from 11 to 41 inches
The Oi horizon was originally described as 0.5 inch thick. The depth was increased to 1 inch for simplicity of horizon measurement.
Depth to diagnostic horizons and features is measured from the top of the first mineral layer.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Partial laboratory data are available for this soil. Lab Number S86WA-039-001.