LOCATION INAVALE            NE+KS SD

INAVALE SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Typic Ustifluvents

TYPICAL PEDON: Inavale loamy fine sand with a slope of less than 2 percent, in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy fine sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak coarse granular structure; loose; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 36 centimeters (4 to 14 inches) thick)

AC--20 to 43 centimeters (8 to 17 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; single grained; loose; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 41 centimeters (0 to 16 inches) thick)

C--43 to 200 centimeters (17 to 79 inches); light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; single grained; loose; thin strata of finer and coarser textured sediments; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Webster County, Nebraska; approximately 5 kilometers (3 miles) west and 3 kilometers (2 miles) south of Red Cloud; 518 meters (1700 feet) east and 366 meters (1200 feet) north of southwest corner, section 9, T. 1 N., R. 11 W. Redcloud topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees, 3 minutes, 49 seconds N, long. 98 degrees, 34minutes, 10 seconds W

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Moisture regime: Ustic
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: greater than 100 centimeters (39 inches), some pedons have thin strata containing carbonate above 100 centimeters (39 inches)
Depth to redoximorphic features: greater than 183 centimeters (72 inches)
Depth to endosaturation: greater than 183 centimeters (72 inches)
Particle-size control section (weighted average): Clay content: 1 to 10 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 7, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, loamy sand, fine sand, sand, coarse sand
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

AC and C horizons:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, loamy sand, coarse sand, and gravelly coarse sand with 1 to 3 inch strata of finer textured material including mucky mineral and organic layers
Rock fragments: gravel content, 1 to 25 percent by volume; 3 to 75mm rounded
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Corlena series.
Corlena soils are warmer in the soil temperature control section and have a mean annual temperature of 13 degrees C (55 degrees F) or more.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: sandy alluvium
Landscape: valley
Landform: flood plain
Slopes: 0 to 11 percent
Elevation: 610 to 1067 meters (2000 to 3500 feet)
Mean annual temperature: 8 to 13 degrees C (47 to 55 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 46 to 71 centimeters (18 to 28 inches)
Frost-free period: 130 to 180 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Gibbon, McCook, Munjor, and Roxbury soils.
Gibbon soils are on slightly lower elevations on the floodplain, have a mollic epipedon, are fine-silty and calcareous, and are somewhat poorly drained having a seasonal zone of saturation or aquic conditions beginning at 30 centimeters (12 inches).
McCook soils are on similar elevations on the flood plain, have a mollic epipedon, and are coarse-silty and calcareous.
Munjor soils are on similar elevations on the flood plain and are coarse-loamy and calcareous.
Roxbury soils are on slightly higher elevations on the floodplain, have a mollic epipedon, and are fine-silty and calcareous.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Excessively drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: very high
Runoff: negligible
Seasonal zone of saturation: greater than 183 centimeters (72 inches)
Flooding frequency: rare or occasional, frequent on the channeled phase
Flooding duration: very brief or brief

USE AND VEGETATION: The major use is livestock grazing. A few areas are hayed and some are cultivated especially those with finer textured surface layers. The native plant community for the sandy lowland ecological site (R065XY029NE) is mostly sand bluestem, little bluestem, prairie sandreed, needle and thread, and switchgrass. Some areas are dominated by trees and shrubs.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and eastern Nebraska, south central South Dakota, north central Kansas, and extreme northeast Colorado. The Inavale series is in Land Resource Regions G and H with some in the extreme eastern part of M. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Douglas County, Nebraska, 1970.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons or features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon: 0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches) (A horizon)
A channeled phase is recognized
02/2004 WAW: Added coarse sand to range of A horizon textures based on Roger Hammer's project, Revision of interdunal soils mapped on flood plains. Revised Geographically Associated Soils section.
01/2008 RRH: Areas of Inavale soils having aquic conditions from 100 to 183 centimeters need to be recorrelated or remapped to the Calamus or Inglewood series depending on whether in the ustic or udic moisture regime.
01/2008 RRH: Areas of Inavale soils mapped in the aridic-ustic and udic moisture regimes need to be recorrelated. Inavale soils mapped in the typic-ustic and udic-ustic moisture regimes can remain Inavale because the flooding may be more significant than the adjacent moisture regime differences.
01/2008 RRH: metric conversion; Range in Characteristics: revised; Geographic Setting: revised; Geographically Associated Soils: revised to fit soils at type location, many different catena of soils exist throughout its extent; Use and Vegetation: revised; Distribution and Extent: revised; Additional Data: added

ADDITIONAL DATA: Data is available from the National Soil Survey Center, Soil Survey Laboratory for Pedon IDs, 80NE061001, 04NE153001, and 04NE053003. Pedon ID 1974NE181010-OSD represents the Typical Pedon and is in NASIS.