LOCATION HENDAP NVEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Lithic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Hendap very stony coarse sandy loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is partially covered by approximately 30% pebbles, 5% cobbles and 5% stones.
Oi--1 to 0 inches; slightly decomposed pinyon and juniper needles, twigs, cones and berries; slightly effervescent; abrupt smooth boundary.
A1--0 to 1 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very stony coarse sandy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine interstitial pores; 30 percent pebbles, 10 percent cobbles; 10 percent stones; slightly effervescent; mildly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
A2--1 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very stony coarse sandy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; 30 percent pebbles, 10 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; strongly effervescent (less than 2 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); mildly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 7 inches thick)
C--7 to 13 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine, fine and medium and common coarse roots; 55 percent pebbles, 15 percent cobbles; violently effervescent (4 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); mildly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear irregular boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
R--13 inches; granitic bedrock; highly weathered in the upper 4 inches.
TYPE LOCATION: Elko County, Nevada; approximately 550 feet south and 1450 feet west of the northeast corner of section 33, T. 28 N., R. 68 E.; 40 degrees, 15 minutes, 37 seconds north latitude and 114 degrees, 18 minutes, 00 seconds west longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - Usually dry, moist late fall through early spring, dry late spring through mid fall.
Soil temperature - 47 to 52 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon - 7 to 10 inches thick.
Depth to bedrock - 10 to 20 inches.
Control section - Clay content: 6 to 12 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 40 to 70 percent, dominantly 2 to 5 mm granitic fragments.
Pebbles: 30 to 65 percent.
Cobbles: 5 to 20 percent.
Stones: 0 to 5 percent.
A horizons - Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent of the less than 2 mm fraction.
C horizon - Texture: Extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand and extremely gravelly coarse sandy loam.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent of the less than 2 mm fraction.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aldax (NV), Bakeoven (OR), Bodacious (T)(UT), Bodell (OR), Couleedam (WA), Johntom (OR), Lickskillet (OR), Limekiln (WA), Plaskett (CA), Rockly (OR) and Venator (OR) series. Aldax soils have mollic epipedons that include the entire profile. Aldax soil are medium acid to neutral and contain 40 percent basalt fragments. Bakeoven, Bodacious, Bodell, Lickskillet, Rockly and Venator soils contain more than 18 percent clay in the control section. In addition, Bakeoven and Rockly are 4 to 10 inches to a lithic contact. Couleedam soil contain a Bw horizon and are noncalcareous. Limekiln soil have mollic epipedon 10 to 17 inches thick and have calcic horizon at 7 to 12 inches. Johntom soil receive 14 to 22 inches of precipitation, contain 5 to 25 percent volcanic glass and acid-oxalate extractable of 0.1 to 0.25 percent. Plaskett soil temperature ranges from 55 to 58 degrees and pebbles, cobbles and stones make up 35 to 75 percent of the volume.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hendap soils are on mountain side slopes. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium from granite including calcareous loess. Slopes are 15 to 50 percent. Elevations are 6000 to 8500 feet. The climate is cold, semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 12 to 16 inches. The mean annual temperature is 44 to 49 degrees F. and the frost-free season is 100 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cucamungo soils. Cucamungo soils have and argillic horizon and a frigid soil temperature.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; rapid runoff; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Woodland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly singleleaf pinyon, Utah juniper, black sagebrush and bluebunch wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Nevada. MLRA 28B. These soils are not extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Reno, Nevada
SERIES PROPOSED: Elko County, Nevada, Southeast Part, 1991. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to a depth of approximately 7 inches (A1 and A2 horizons).
Lithic contact - The point at approximately 13 inches (R horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from the surface to 13 inches (A1, A2 and C horizons).
The superactive cation exchange activity class was added in 03/2003 to the taxonomic classification by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the Reno MLRA office, without review of the soil series property data. The remainder of this document has not been updated.