LOCATION HAIG               IA+KS MO

HAIG SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Argiaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Haig silt loam, on a slope of about 1 percent, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1--18 to 28 centimeters (7 to 11 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

A2--28 to 38 centimeters (11 to 15 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; few thin discontinuous gray (10YR 5/1) dry silt coatings on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizon is 30 to 56 centimeters (12 to 19 inches).]

BA--38 to 48 centimeters (15 to 19 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few thin faint discontinuous black (10YR 2/1) clay films in lower part; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) accumulations (manganese oxides); slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [10 to 16 centimeters (4 to 6 inches) thick]

Bt--48 to 61 centimeters (19 to 24 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very firm; thick continuous black (10YR 2/1) clay films; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [10 to 25 centimeters (4 to 10 inches) thick]

Btg1--61 to 79 centimeters (24 to 31 inches); dark gray (5Y 4/1) silty clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very firm; thick continuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg2--79 to 104 centimeters (31 to 41 inches); olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; discontinuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films mainly on prisms; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg3--104 to 122 centimeters (41 to 48 inches); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure; firm; thin discontinuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on prisms; many fine tubular pores; many fine dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 51 to 107 centimeters (20 to 42 inches).]

BCg--122 to 152 centimeters (48 to 60 inches); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; few discontinuous dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on prisms; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 109; Clarke County, Iowa; about 5 miles south and 2 miles west of Osceola; about 127 meters (415 feet) south and 18 meters (60 feet) east of the northwest corner of sec. 13, T. 71 N., R. 26 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of mollic epipedon--51 to 89 centimeters (20 to 35 inches)
Depth to argillic horizon--61 to 132 centimeters (24 to 52 inches)
Depth to carbonates--greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Depth to redoximorphic concentrations--36 to 71 centimeters (14 to 28 inches)
In some pedons, there may be few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) iron-manganese concentrations in the layer above the redoximorphic concentrations
Content of clay in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--35 to 50 percent
Content of sand in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--less than 5 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent

A horizon:
Hue--10YR or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--22 to 40 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral

BA horizon:
Hue--10YR or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content--28 to 48 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 or 4
Chroma--1
Texture--silty clay or silty clay loam
Clay content--30 to 48 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid

Btg horizon:
Hue--10YR to 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay or silty clay loam
Clay content--35 to 50 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral

BCg horizon:
Hue--10YR to 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay
Clay content--40 to 50 percent
Reaction--slightly acid or neutral

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Butler, Carbika, Chancellor, Clarinda, Coatsburg, Edinburg, Fosterburg, Lodgepole, Mazaska, Minnetonka, Sacville, Sampsel, Taintor, Terrabella, Virden, and Worthing series.
Butler--have a clay content of 20 to 35 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Carbika--have mollic epipedons 25 to 46 centimeters (10 to 18 inches) thick
Chancellor--have carbonates within depths of 71 to 127 centimeters (28 to 50 inches)
Clarinda--have mollic epipedons 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches) thick
Coatsburg--average more than 15 percent sand in the particle-size control section
Edinburg--average less than 40 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Fosterburg--contain concentrations of exchangeable sodium in the subsoil
Lodgepole--are in areas that have mean annual precipitation range of 36 to 46 centimeters (14 to 18 inches) and can have carbonates within a depth of 76 centimeters (30 inches)
Mazaska--have carbonates within depths of 76 to 152 centimeters (30 to 60 inches) and have 2 to 8 percent rock fragments in the series control section
Minnetonka--have carbonates within depths of 71 to 132 centimeters (28 to 52 inches)
Sacville--have a rock fragment content of 1 to 60 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Sampsel--have a paralithic contact within depths of 102 to 203 centimeters (40 to 80 inches)
Taintor--average less than 42 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Terrabella--have matrix hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the middle third of the series control section
Virden--have a clay content of 20 to 32 percent in the lower fourth of the series control section
Worthing--have mollic epipedons greater than 89 centimeters (35 inches) thick

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--Wisconsin age loess
Landform--broad interfluves on uplands
Slopes--0 to 2 percent
Elevation--198 to 411 meters (650 to 1350 feet) above sea level
Mean air annual temperature--8 to 11 degrees C (47 to 52 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--76 to 86 centimeters (30 to 34 inches)
Frost-free period--170 to 180 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arispe, Edina, and Grundy soils.
Arispe--are at lower elevations on side slopes, crests, and head slopes and have mollic epipedons 25 to 38 centimeters (10 to 15 inches)
Edina--are at lower elevations in small depressions on interfluves, have albic horizons and have an abrupt increase in clay from the albic to the argillic horizons
Grundy--are at lower elevations on side slopes and have a perched, seasonally saturated zone within depths of 0.3 to 0.75 meters (1.0 to 2.5 feet) in most years

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class--poorly drained--a saturated zone occurs within 0.3 meters (1 foot) during the wettest portions of most years and is considered apparent
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--moderately low or low
Surface runoff potential--negligible to medium

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay. The native vegetation is big bluestem, western wheatgrass, sedges, blue grama and other species of the tall grass prairie that are tolerant of excessive wetness.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic location--Interior Plains; Central Lowland Province; Dissected till plains section; Nebraska and Kansas Loess-Drift Hills, Iowa and Missouri Deep Loess Hills, Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, and Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain (MLRAs 106, 107, 108, and 109); LRR M; southern Iowa, northeastern Kansas, and northern Missouri. This series is of large extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lucas County, Iowa, 1941.

REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 48 to 98 centimeters (19 to 39 inches) (Bt, Btg1, and Btg2 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 152 centimeters (0 to 60 inches) (Ap, A1, A2, BA, Bt, Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, and BCg horizons).

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
mollic epipedon-the zone from the surface to a depth of 61 centimeters (0 to 24 inches) (Ap, A1, A2, BA, and Bt horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 48 to 122 centimeters (19 to 48 inches);
udic moisture regime.

Cation-exchange activity class is supported by lab sample number S83IA053001, National Soil Survey Laboratory.

Taxonomy version--second edition, 1999.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska pedon S83IA053001 (http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/).