LOCATION HACKERS WV+KY OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Hackers silt loam - on a 2 percent slope in a meadow at an elevation of about 650 feet above msl. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) silt loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 11 inches thick)
BA--8 to 15 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt--15 to 38 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few roots; common discontinuous clay films on faces of peds;moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 40 inches thick)
BC--38 to 49 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few roots; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 24 inches thick)
C--49 to 65 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam; massive; friable; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Ritchie County, West Virginia; near Cisco; about 30 yards east of W. Va. Route 47 and 100 yards south of bridge across North Fork of Hughes River. USGS Petroleum, West Virginia topographic quadrangle; Latitude 39 degrees, 7 minutes, 6 seconds N. and Longitude 81 degrees, 16 minutes, 35 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 30 to 60 inches or more. Depth to bedrock is greater than 6 feet. Rock fragment content of mostly gravel and channers ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the solum, and 0 o 30 percent in the substratum. Unlimed soils have subhorizons that are strongly acid through slightly acid.
The Ap horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture of the fine earth material is silt loam or loam. Uncultivated areas have thin A horizons.
Some pedons have an E horizon.
The BA horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 and chroma of 4 through 6. Texture of the fine earth material is silt loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, and in some subhorizons 7.5YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 3 through 8. Texture of the fine earth material is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The BC horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 through 6. Texture of the fine earth material is dominantly silt loam or loam, but also includes clay loam.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value and chroma of 3 or 4, except it is 7.5YR hue in some pedons. Texture of the fine earth material is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam and is stratified with clay loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Baraboo, Bertrand, Blackhammer, Camden, Dodge, Dubuque, Fayette, Flagg, Jackson, Jemerson, La Farge, Martinsburg, Menfro, Palsgrove, Ridgway, Rozetta, Rush, Russell, Seaton, St. Charles, Sylvan, and Yellowriver in the same family, with other series possibly being added with the update to Eighth Edition of Soil Taxonomy. All except Blackhammer, Flagg, Palsgrove, and Rush have either 7.5YR hue or yellower throughout or have bedrock at depths of less than 40 inches. Blackhammer soils formed in a mantle of loess over pedisediments and are in a drier climate. Flagg soils have a lithologic discontinuity within the control section and do not have evidence of stratification. Palsgrove and soils are silty clay or clay in the lower part of the series control section. Rush soils have 2B horizons that range from clay loam to sandy clay with 5 to 20 percent gravel and C horizons that have free carbonates.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hackers soils are on nearly level to strongly sloping high floodplains and low stream terraces. Slopes are dominantly less than 5 percent but range from 0 to about 15 percent. These soils formed in lime-influenced alluvium washed from soils underlain by shale, siltstone,
and some sandstone. The climate is humid temperate type. Average annual precipitation is about 38 to 50 inches. Mean annual temperatures are from 50 to 59 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Allegheny, Chavies, Gallia, Gilpin, Kanawha, Melvin, Monongahela, Moshannon, Muskingum, Omulga, Peabody, Senecaville, Upshur, Vandalia, Vincent, and Woodsfield soils. The Allegheny, Gallia, Monongahela, and Omulga soils are on adjacent higher terraces. Alleghany, Gallia, and Monongahela soils have fine- loamy control sections. Omulga soils have a fine-silty control section. In addition, Monongahela and Omulga soils have a fragipan Chavies soils occupy similar positions but have a coarse loamy control section. Melvin, Moshannon, and Senecaville are on nearby flood plains and do not have argillic horizons. In addition, the Melvin and Senecaville soils have redox depletions within the particle-size control section. Gilpin, Muskingum, Peabody, Upshur, and Woodsfield soils are on the surrounding uplands. Gilpin, Muskingum and Peabody soils are underlain by bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Muskingum soils do not have an argillic horizon. Upshur and Woodsfield soils have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Vandalia soils are on adjacent foot slopes and have more than 35 percent clay in the particle- size control section. Vincent soils are on nearby lacustrine terraces and have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium or slow Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all areas are cleared and used for hay, corn, small grain, truck crops, and some burley tobacco.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA126. In western West Virginia, eastern Ohio, and northeastern Kentucky. These soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: West Fork Soil Conservation District, West Virginia, 1940.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 15 inches (Ap and BA horizons).
2. Argillic horizon - the zone from 15 to 38 inches (Bt horizon).
Soil Interpretations Record: WV0100