LOCATION GUMZ               IN

GUMZ SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Gumz fine sandy loam, on a less than 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 718 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 9 inches; black (10YR 2/1) fine sandy loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--9 to 12 inches; black (10YR 2/1) fine sandy loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate thick platy and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 10 to 15 inches.)

Bg1--12 to 18 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and common medium faint brown (10YR 4/3) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bg2--18 to 25 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many medium distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; strongly effervescent; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bg horizon is 10 to 40 inches.)

C1--25 to 42 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sand; single grain; loose; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

C2--42 to 50 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly sand; single grain; loose; 20 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the C horizon is 0 to 30 inches.)

2Cg--50 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) fine sandy loam; massive; firm; 10 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Pulaski County, Indiana; about 4 miles east and 1 mile north of Winamac; 2,620 feet east and 1,900 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 10, T. 30 N., R. 1 W.; U.S.G.S. Winamac topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 3 minutes 51.9 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 31 minutes 1.4 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 540576 easting and 4546023 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 15 inches
Depth to the base of soil development: 20 to 52 inches
Depth to till: 40 to 60 inches

Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loamy fine sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent

Bg horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand; some pedons have a 1 to 3 inch layer of clay loam or sandy clay loam immediately below the A horizons and some pedons may also have masses of sandy loam 1 to 3 inches in diameter
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent

C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: sand, fine sand, coarse sand, gravelly sand, or gravelly coarse sand
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Rock fragment content: 0 to 25 percent

2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: loam or fine sandy loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Rock fragment content: 1 to 14 percent

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Granby, Kentland, Loup, and Maumee series. Granby and Maumee soils do not have a lithologic discontinuity with till in the lower part of the series control section. Kentland soils have an organic layer in the middle part of the series control section. Loup soils occur outside of LRR M in areas that receive less than 30 inches of mean annual precipitation.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Gumz soils formed in sandy outwash overlying loamy till and are on outwash and till plains. Slope gradients range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 48 to 53 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 42 inches, frost-free period ranges from 150 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 600 to 1,300 feet above sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brems, Gilford, Goodell, and Morocco soils, and the competing Granby and Maumee soils. The moderately well drained Brems and somewhat poorly drained Morocco soils are on swells in the landform. The poorly drained or very poorly drained Gilford, Goodell, Granby, and Maumee soils are on similar landforms as the Gumz soils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained or very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible. Permeability is rapid in the sandy material and slow in the underlying till. The depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 1 foot above the surface to 1 foot below the surface for some time in normal years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are mostly used to grow corn and soybeans. Some small areas are in small grains, hay, permanent pasture, and woodland. Native vegetation is marsh grass, sedges, oak, silver maple, and elm.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 111 in northern Indiana. The soils are of small extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pulaski County, Indiana, 2001.

REMARKS: The Gumz series was proposed for the Granby soils with loamy till in the lower part of the series control section mapped in the Pulaski County, Indiana soil survey update.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to 12 inches (Ap and A horizons)
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features present immediately below the mollic epipedon and in all horizons between 12 and 80 inches

NASIS Data Mapunit ID 155028 represents the typical pedon in complex with Maumee soils.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab characterization data is available for the typical pedon (S99IN-131-004) from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Transect data for the typical pedon (T99IN-131-021) is on file in the MLRA project office in Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 50 percent Gumz soils and 50 percent Granby soils.