LOCATION GRANDFIELD OK+TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Grandfield fine sandy loam--cultivated. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
A--6 to 10 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; few fine pores; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
BA--10 to 18 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, friable; few fine pores; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--18 to 28 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak coarse prismatic parting to weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; few medium pores; common distinctclay films on faces of peds; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 18 inches thick)
Bt2--28 to 48 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; few very fine pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (16 to 22 inches thick)
BC--48 to 80 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, friable; few very fine pores; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Tillman County, Oklahoma; about 3 miles west and 1 mile north of Frederick; 200 feet south and 400 feet east of the northwest corner of the northeast 1/4 of sec. 10, T. 2 S., R. 18 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent
Sand content: 45 to 85 percent
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 1 percent, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
CEC/clay ratio: more than 0.6
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: typically more than 30 inches
Thickness of the solum, 50 to more than 80 inches
A Horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 (3 to 5 moist)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand or loamy sand
Clay content: 3 to 18 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
Effervescence: noneffervescent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline (6.1-7.8)
BA or AB Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5 (3 or 4 moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 30 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
Effervescence: noneffervescent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline (6.1-7.8)
Upper Bt Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5 (3 or 4 moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
Effervescence: noneffervescent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline (6.1-7.8)
Lower Bt Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 (3 to 5 moist)
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam or fine sandy loam, or rarely clay loam below 40 inches
Clay content: typically 13 to 30 percent, but ranges to 35 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
Calcium carbonate equivalent: typically 0 percent, but ranges to 5 percent
Effervescence: typically noneffervescent, but ranges to strongly effervescent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)
BC Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 (3 to 5 moist)
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: loamy sand, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or occasionally clay loam
Clay content: typically 5 to 25 percent, but ranges to 35 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)
C Horizon (where present)
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 (3 to 5 moist)
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, loamy sand, or sand and some pedons are stratified with coarser and finer material as thin, widely spaced lamellae.
Clay content: typically 3 to 20 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1, by volume 2mm to 5mm in diameter
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Arnett,
Cobb,
Decobb,
Grandmore,
Honeycreek,
Hye,
Lou,
McKnight,
Menard,
Rochelle, and
Seagraves series.
Cobb, Honneycreek, Hye, Lou, and McKnight : These soils have bedrock within 60 inches of the soil surface.
Arnett and Rochelle : These soils have free carbonates within 30 inches and contain more than 5 percent coarse fragments in the solum.
Decobb : These soils have bedrock 60 to 80 inches below the soil surface.
Grandmore : These soils are moderately well drained and have a lithologic discontinuity with a clay increase in the lower part of the solum.
Menard : These soils have free carbonates within 30 inches and have from 5 to 30 percent limestone fragments in the lower part.
Seagraves : These soils are moderately well drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in loamy wind reworked lacustrine sediments that occur on the floor of playa basins.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy and sandy alluvium and eolian sediments of Pleistocene age.
Landform: treads and dunes on sand sheets of stream terraces on alluvial plains in the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78B, 78C) and Central Limestone Prairies (MLRA 78A)
Slope: 0 to 15 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 57 to 64 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation range: 22 to 30 inches
Frost-free period: 185 to 230 days
Elevation: 1000 to 2200 feet
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 32 to 44
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Altus,
Devol,
Eda,
Grandmore,
Headrick,
Nobscot,
Springer, and
Tipton series.
Altus : These soils occur on lower slightly concave areas and have mollic surfaces.
Devol, Nobscot, and Springer : These soils occur on slightly higher convex ridges and dunes and have a course-loamy particle-size class.
Eda : These soils occur on higher convex ridges and dunes and have a sandy particle-size class.
Grandmore : These soils occur on similar or slightly lower areas, are moderately well drained, and have a discontinuity with a clay increase in the lower part of the solum.
Headrick : These soils occur on lower areas, are somewhat poorly drained, and have a discontinuity with a clay increase in the lower part of the solum.
Tipton : These soils occur on lower broad terrace treads and have mollic surfaces.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Grandfield soils are well drained; permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible on slopes of less than 1 percent, low on 1 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 15 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly cultivated to cotton, grain sorghums, and wheat. Native vegetation includes sand bluestem, indiangrass, little bluestem, sideoats grama, and blue grama. Juniper and mesquite have invaded some areas.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78B, 78C) and Central Limestone Prairies (MLRA 78A) of Oklahoma and Texas. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wheeler County, Texas; 1970.
REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Record: Series OK0052
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon- the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 18 inches (the A horizon).
Argillic horizon- The zone from 18 inches to a depth of 48 inches (the Bt horizons).
Taxonomic version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Ninth Edition, 2004
ADDITIONAL DATA: Oklahoma State University Lab No. 75-OK-75-2 and 72-OK-05-2; and S04-OK-141-003 NSSL Lincoln, NE.