LOCATION GRANBY MI+CT IA IL IN MN NY OH WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Granby loamy sand, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 624 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loamy sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; very friable; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)
Bg1--10 to 16 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bg2--16 to 32 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) and gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 12 to 40 inches.)
Cg--32 to 80 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) sand; single grain; loose; common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and few medium faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Ottawa County, Michigan; about 7 miles west and 1/2 mile south of Allendale; 350 feet east and 400 feet north of the center of sec. 28, T. 7 N., R. 15 W.; U.S.G.S. Borculo topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 57 minutes 58.42 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 5 minutes 28.51 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 574106 easting and 4757467 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the C horizon typically is 30 to 40 inches, but ranges from 20 to 52 inches.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, or is neutral; value of 2, 2.5, or 3; and chroma of 0 to 2. Texture is sand, mucky sand, loamy sand, mucky loamy sand, loamy fine sand, mucky loamy fine sand, fine sand, mucky fine sand, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The Bw or Bg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 3; or hue of 5Y and chroma of 3 or less with distinct or prominent redoximorphic features. Pedons that do not have a dominant chroma of 2 or less have colors due to uncoated mineral grains. Texture is fine sand, sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 5 percent gravel. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
The C or Cg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. Texture is sand, coarse sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 5 percent gravel. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to moderately alkaline.
A clayey substratum phase with silty clay, clay and silty clay loam occurring at a depth between 60 and 80 inches is recognized. This clayey substratum phase is slightly or moderately alkaline in the clayey material.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Gumz, Kentland, Loup, and Maumee series. Gumz soils have a lithologic discontinuity with till in the lower part of the series control section. Kentland soils have an organic layer in the middle part of the series control section. Loup soils are in drier climates that receive less than 30 inches of annual precipitation. Maumee soils have a mollic epipedon that is more than 15 inches thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Granby soils are on outwash plains, lake plains, and glacial drainageways. The soils formed in sandy outwash or sandy glaciolacustrine deposits. Slope gradients range from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 42 inches, mean annual temperature ranges from 48 to 53 degrees F., frost-free period ranges from 130 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 600 to 1,150 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Chelsea, Gilford, Oakville, Pipestone, Spinks, Tedrow, and Watseka soils, and the competing Gumz soils. The excessively drained Chelsea and Oakville soils and the well drained Spinks soils are on nearby beach ridges and moraines. The poorly drained or very poorly drained Gilford and Gumz soils are on similar landforms. The somewhat poorly drained Pipestone soils are associated with Granby soils at the northern extent of its range and are on swells. The somewhat poorly drained Tedrow and Watseka soils are on higher positions on the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained or very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible. Permeability is rapid. Depth to an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 1 foot above the surface to 1 foot below the surface for some time in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used to grow small grain, hay, corn, soybeans, small fruits, and vegetables. Some areas are in permanent pasture or woodland. Native vegetation is marsh grasses, reeds, sedges, aspen, oak, silver maple, elm, and eastern white pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Primarily in MLRAs 98 and 99, and to a lesser extent in MLRAs 91, 95A, 95B, 96, 97, 101, 103, 105, 110, 111, 141, 142, and 144A in southern Michigan, northern Indiana, northern Ohio, southern Minnesota, southern Wisconsin, northeastern Illinois, Connecticut, and New York. The series is of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Oswego County, New York, 1917.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - from the surface to 10 inches (Ap horizon); aquic conditions -redoximorphic features immediately below the mollic epipedon and in all horizons between 10 and 80 inches
The loamy and gravelly substratum phases with loamy or gravelly textures that ranged from 40 to 60 inches are no longer within the series concept. A till substratum phase (dense till with 27 to 42 percent clay at depths of 60 to 80 inches) is presently recognized in Ohio and may become a new series as subsets with this phase are updated.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Records: MI0029 -MAAT<50; MI0395 - MAAT>50; MI0524 - MAAT>50, MUCKY SURFACE; MI0529 - MAAT<50, MUCKY SURFACE; MI0118 - HIGH PPT; MI0672 - LOW PPT; MI0623 - CLAYEY SUBSTRATUM. Transect data (T99MI-139-005) is on file in the MLRA project office in Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 70 percent Granby soils and 30 percent Watseka soils.