LOCATION GOODELL INEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Goodell fine sandy loam, on a slope of less than 1 percent in a cultivated field at an elevation of 699 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 12 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) fine sandy loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.(10 to 20 inches thick)
Bg1--12 to 17 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots throughout; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bg2--17 to 22 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam and loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; common coarse faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bg3--22 to 32 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 20 to 40 inches.)
Cg1--32 to 36 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium faint brown (10YR 5/3) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; strongly effervescent throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Cg2--36 to 52 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand; single grain; loose; 7 percent gravel; strongly effervescent throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Cg horizon is 3 to 24 inches.)
2Cg3--52 to 56 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) fine sandy loam; massive; friable; 8 percent gravel and cobbles; strongly effervescent throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2Cg4--56 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) loam; massive; firm; 8 percent gravel and cobbles; strongly effervescent throughout; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Pulaski County, Indiana; about 3 miles south of Winamac; 1,380 feet east and 2,360 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 36, T. 30 N., R. 2 W.; U.S.G.S. Winamac, IN topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 0 minutes 13.1 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 35 minutes 52.7 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 533809 easting and 4539241 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the cambic horizon: 30 to 50 inches
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches
Depth to till: 40 to 60 inches
Particle-size control section: less than 85 percent fine sand and very fine sand
Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or N
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 0 to 2
Texture: fine sandy loam, loam, or sandy loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Bg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features are present
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy loam; some pedons have strata of loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
BC horizon: (where present below a depth of 30 to 40 inches)
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features are present
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sand, coarse sand, or fine sand
Reaction: slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
2Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam or fine sandy loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline
Rock fragment content: 1 to 10 percent
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Corunna, Darfur, Dassel, Gilford, Hanska, Jubilee, Lyles, Monon, Mudgepond (T), Overshue, Toolesboro, Uniongrove, and Whitepost series. Corunna soils do not have horizons with more than 70 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Darfur soils averages more than 85 percent fine sand or very fine sand in the particle-size control section. Dassel soils have hue yellower than 10YR in the lower part of the series control section. Gilford, Hanska, and Toolesboro soils have horizons with more than 70 percent sand throughout the lower part of the series control section. Jubilee soils have a high mica content within the series control section and have an aridic moisture regime during the growing season. Lyles and Whitepost soils do not have dominant textures of loam or fine sandy loam in the lower part of the series control section. Monon soils do not have a lithologic contact with till within a depth of 60 inches. Mudgepond soils have more than 5 percent rock fragments in the upper part of the series control section. Overshue soils have hue yellower than 10YR in the lower part of the series control section and are in a climate the mean annual precipitation is less than 30 inches. Uniongrove soils are deeper than 50 inches to the base of the cambic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Goodell soils formed in loamy outwash overlying sandy outwash and loamy till and are on nearly level or depressional areas on till plains. Slope gradients range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 48 to 53 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 42 inches, frost-free period ranges from 130 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 580 to 1,530 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brady, Brookston, Bronson, Budd, Gilford, and Rensselaer soils. The somewhat poorly drained Brady, Budd, and the moderately well drained Bronson soils are on swells. The poorly drained Brookston soils and the poorly drained or very poorly drained Gilford and Rensselaer soils are on similar landscapes. The Brookston and Rensselaer soils have argillic horizons. The Gilford soils do not have loamy till within the series control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained or very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible. Permeability is moderately rapid in the upper loamy outwash, rapid in the sandy outwash, and moderately slow in the loamy till. The depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 0.5 feet above the soil surface to 1 foot below the soil surface from December to May in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are mostly cropped. Principal crops are corn, soybeans, wheat, and oats. Native vegetation is marsh grasses, reeds, sedges, pin oak, and red maple forests.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 98 and 111 in northern Indiana. The soils are of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pulaski County, Indiana, 2001.
REMARKS: This soil was originally considered as a substratum phase of Gilford. During the subset update process of Pulaski County and the subsequent expansion of the series control section to 150 cm, it was determined that this soil qualified to be a new series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to 12 inches (Ap, A horizon)
Cambic horizon: from 12 to 32 inches (Bg horizon)
Aquic conditions: chroma of 2 or less in all horizons below the mollic epipedon
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 155019 represents the typical pedon in complex with Gilford soils.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab characterization data is available for typical pedon (S98IN131-013) from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Transect data (T98IN-131-122) for the typical pedon is on file in the MLRA project office in Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 80 percent Goodell soils and 20 percent Gilford, till substratum.