LOCATION FORTYDAY WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Lithic Xeric Haplargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Fortyday, very gravelly silt loam, 25 percent slope, rubbly, rangeland (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
A--0 to 4 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine and few medium roots; common fine tubular pores; 35 percent gravel, with l5 percent surface cobbles; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)
AB--4 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and few medium roots; few fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 11 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very cobbly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; few thin colloids and bridges between mineral grains; 40 percent cobbles and l0 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.l); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
Bt2--11 to 19 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely cobbly loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common thin clay films on faces of peds; 55 percent cobbles and 10 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt irregular boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
2R--19 inches; basalt.
TYPE LOCATION: Yakima County, Washington, about 7 miles southwest of Toppenish, Washington in the SW l/4, NW l/4, SE l/4, SW l/4 of section 3, T9N, Rl9E, W.M. about l,300 feet East and 800 feet North of the southwest corner of section 3.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of solum and depth to bedrock ranges 14 to 20 inches. The mean annual soil temperature at the lithic contact is 49 to 53 degrees F. These soils are usually dry in all parts between a depth of 4 to 12 inches. The particle-size control section averages 18 to 25 percent clay in the fine-earth fraction with 35 to 80 percent rock fragments. Reaction is neutral to moderately alkaline throughout.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 2 through 5 dry and moist. Texture is cobbly loam, very gravelly silt loam, very cobbly loam, stony loam, or stony sandy loam.
The AB or BA horizon has value of 3 or 4 moist. Texture is sandy loam, loam, or silt loam and is very gravelly, gravelly, very cobbly or cobbly with 15 to 60 percent rock fragments.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 2 through 5 dry and moist. Texture is sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam or clay loam and is very gravelly, extremely gravelly, very cobbly or extremely cobbly with 35 to 80 percent rock fragments.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Atlow, Boomstick, Checkett, Cottle, Gabbvally, Hooplite, Nevo, Olac, Old Camp, Phliss, Rowel, Sedsked, Soughe, Stewval and Thike soils.
Atlow soils are 27 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon
Boomstick soils have 50 to 70 percent rock fragments mostly channers in the pscs; have secondary carbonates in the lower part of the Bt horizon
Checkett soils are 27 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon; calcareous throughout
Cottle soils are effervescent in the lower part of the Bt horizon
Gabbvally soils are 6 to 14 inches deep; have a mean annual soil temperature of 53 to 59 degrees F.
Hooplite soils are 8 to 14 inches deep
Nevo soils are 5 to 10 inches to a lithic contact; contain 25 to 33 percent clay in pscs
Olac soils are 8 to 14 inches deep
Old Camp soils are 27 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon
Phliss soils have secondary carbonates in the argillic horizon
Rowel soils have a mean annual soil temperature of 53 to 57 degrees F.
Sedsked soils are 10 to 14 inches deep to sedimentary bedrock
Soughe soils are 25 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon
Stewval soils are 4 to l4 inches deep to a lithic contact and are effervescent throughout
Thike soils are 5 to 14 inches deep to a lithic contact; 12 to 18 percent clay in the pscs
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Fortyday soils are on basalt ridges and plateau side slopes. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. Elevation is 500 to 2,200 feet. These soils are formed in residuum and colluvium from basalt with small additions of loess and are commonly located on southerly aspects. Summers are warm and dry and winters are cool and moist. The mean annual precipitation is 6 to 9 inches. The mean annual air temperature is 48 to 52 degrees F. The frost-free season is 130 to 195 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Kiona, Lizzysprings, Onepennee, Bakeoven, Prosser, Shano, Sohappy and Starbuck soils. The Kiona on ridges, Lizzysprings on ridges, Shano on uplands and Sohappy soils on hillslopes are deep. The Prosser soils are on benches and are 20 to 40 inches deep. The Onepennee soils on plateaus and Starbuck soils on benches and hillslopes have less than 35 percent coarse fragments in the control section. The Bakeoven soils are on ridgetops and are less than l4 inches deep to a lithic contact.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; runoff is medium; permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for rangeland. Vegetation is usually dominated by purple sage, Sandberg bluegrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, and eriogonums. On north aspects bluebunch wheatgrass is dominant and purple sage is rare.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Fortyday soils are located in South Central Washington in Yakima County; MLRA 8. Series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Yakima County, Washington, Yakima Training Center, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon from the surface to 8 inches
Argillic horizon from 8 to 19 inches
Lithic contact beginning at 19 inches
Particle-size control section from 8 to 19 inches that averages 6l percent rock fragments.
This soil is reclassified based on amendment 17 of Soil Taxonomy.