LOCATION EUNOLA AL+FL GA SC VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Eunola sandy loam in an idle field. (Colors are for moist soils.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
BE--5 to 10 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--26 to 52 inches; 25 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 25 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4), 25 percent light gray (10YR 7/2) and 25 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; the areas in shades of yellowish brown, light yellowish brown, and yellowish red are masses of iron accumulation and the areas in shades of light gray are iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 20 to 48 inches.)
BC--52 to 56 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; common medium distinct very pale brown (10YR 8/4) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 25 inches thick)
2C--56 to 65 inches; 25 percent white (10YR 8/1), 25 percent very pale brown (10YR 8/2, 8/4), 25 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and 25 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sand; single grained; loose; the areas in shades of brownish yellow, and yellowish red are masses of iron accumulation and the areas in shades of white are iron depletions; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Geneva County, Alabama, 1 mile north-northeast of bridge on Alabama Highway 87 crossing Pea River in the SW 1/4 NE 1/4 NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 31, T.1 N., R. 21 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches. Silt content of the control section is less than 25 percent. Some pedons have up to 14 percent quartz gravels throughout the profile. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout except where lime has been added.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 4. Texture is loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, loamy sand, or fine sand.
The E horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, loamy sand, or fine sand.
The BE horizon, present in most pedons, has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is sandy loam or fine sandy loam.
The upper part of the Bt horizon typically has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR or less commonly 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 4 to 8. It is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, clay loam or sandy clay loam. Redoximorphic features, where present, are in shades of brown, yellow, red or gray.
The lower part of the Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8 and chroma of 1 to 8 with redoximorphic features in shades of yellow, brown, red or gray; or it is multicolored in varying shades of yellow, brown, red or gray. Texture is sandy clay loam, sandy clay or clay loam. Iron depletions with chroma 2 or less are within the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon.
The BC horizon and the C or 2C horizons have the same range in hue, value, chroma, and redoximorphic features as the lower part of the Bt horizon. Texture of the BC horizon is sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam or coarse sandy loam. Texture of the C or 2C horizon is fine sand, coarse sand, sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, sandy loam or fine sandy loam; or these textures stratified with sandy clay loam. In some pedons, texture is stratified sandy loam, sandy clay loam and clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bellamy, Columbus, Mazarn, Mollicy, Slagle, Whitwell and Yauhanna series in the same, or closely related, family. Bellamy soils have some properties of a fragipan in the B horizon. Columbus and Whitwell soils have more than 25 percent silt in the particle-size control section. Marzan soils have solum thickness and depth to a paralithic contact of 20 to 40 inches. Mollicy soils have 2B horizons and are more poorly drained. Slagle soils are on uplands and are more slowly permeable than Eunola soils. Also, Slagle soils are in a subactive cation-exchange activity class. Yauhanna soils are at elevations less than 40 feet and have a clay fraction that is mixed.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Eunola soils are on low stream or marine terraces of the Coastal Plain. Slopes are generally between 0 and 3 percent, but may range up to 6 percent. The soil formed in loamy fluvial or marine sediments. The average annual air temperature ranges from 63 to 68 degrees F., frost free days ranges from 220 to 250, and the average annual precipitation ranges from 48 to 60 inches. Elevation ranges from 120 to 450 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cahaba, Craven, Dunbar, Goldsboro, Johns, Kalmia and Maxton series found on similar landform positions as the Eunola series, and the Bladen, Kenansville and Plummer series. Cahaba, Kalmia and Maxton soils do not have redox depletions within the upper 24 inches of the argillic horizon. In addition, Kalmia soils have contrasting textures within 40 inches of the surface. Craven and Dunbar soils have more than 35 percent clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon. Goldsboro soils have a solum thickness greater than 60 inches. Johns soils have a thinner solum and contrasting textures between the Bt and C horizons at a depth of less than 40 inches. Bladen and Plummer soils are on slightly lower position and have matrix colors with chroma of 2 or less. Kenansville soils are on slightly higher positions and have a sandy epipedon more than 20 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; medium internal drainage. Moderate permeability in the B horizon and rapid below. An apparent seasonal high water table is within 18 to 30 inches of the surface for as much as 4 to 6 months annually (generally, November through March).
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas have been cleared and cultivated. Corn, pasture, soybeans and hay are the principal crops. Common trees in wooded areas are loblolly pine, slash pine, longleaf pine, shortleaf pine, sweetgum, yellow poplar, water oak, willow oak and hickory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Coastal Plains of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina and Virginia. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Geneva County, Alabama; l974.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 10 inches (Ap, BE horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone from about 10 to 52 inches (Bt1, Bt2 horizons).
Aquic subgroup - within the upper 24 inches of the argillic horizon, have redox depletions with a color value, moist, of 4 or more and chroma of 2 or less, accompanied by redox concentrations and by aquic conditions for some time in normal years (Bt2 horizon).
SIR- AL0005