LOCATION DERBY OKEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, thermic Lamellic Ustipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Derby fine sandy loam--savannah. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Al--0 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 24 inches thick)
A2--9 to 20 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loamy fine sand, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; single grained; loose; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 42 inches thick)
E1--20 to 54 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/4) fine sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; single grained; loose; slightly acid; diffuse smooth boundary. (16 to 48 inches thick)
E2/Bt1--54 to 72 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) fine sand, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist (E2); single grained; loose; with lamellae of yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sand, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist (Bt1); the lamellae are massive; soft, very friable; 2 to 15 cm apart and 2 to 10 mm thick, and discontinuous horizontally; neutral; lamellae are slightly acid; diffuse smooth boundary. (18 to 36 inches thick)
E3/Bt2--72 to 120 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/4) fine sand, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist (E3); single grained; loose; with lamellae of yellowish red (5YR 5/6) loamy fine sand, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist (Bt2); the lamellae are massive; soft, very friable; 5 to 15 cm apart and 2 to 12 mm thick, and continuous horizontally; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Payne County, Oklahoma; about 3 miles west and 3 miles south of Yale; 2,200 feet south and 200 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 3, T. 18 N., R. 5 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness is more than 60 inches. Depth to lamellae is 44 to 60 inches. Ap or A1 horizons that are fine sandy loam can not be deeper than 25 cm or the depth of the Ap horizon, whichever is deeper.
The Ap or A1 horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is fine sandy loam or loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
The A2 horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is fine sand or loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
The E1 horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 6 or 7, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is fine sand or loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
The E2 and E3 parts of the E2 and Bt1 horizon, and E3 and Bt2 horizon have hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 6 to 8, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is loamy fine sand or fine sand. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to moderately alkaline.
The Bt1 and Bt2 parts of the E2 and Bt1 horizon, and E3 and Bt2 horizon have hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 4 to 8. These lamellae range from thin bands in the Bt1 part to the thickest in the Bt2 part and then they become thin again with depth. Thickness of the lamellae range from 1 to 25 mm, but those more than 1 cm thick do not reach a cumulative total of 15 cm within a depth of 60 inches in any pedon. These lamellae are usually 2 to 20 cm apart. Texture is mainly loamy fine sand, but fine sand and fine sandy loam occur in some pedons. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to moderately alkaline.
Some pedons have C horizons. Where present, the C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, value of 6 or 7, and chroma of 6 to 8. Bedding planes of eolian origin are evident and cross bedding is common. In some pedons, the C horizon is not present and the lamellae zone rests on older buried terrace sediments. These older buried terrace sediments are more red and are loamy and consists of thicker lamellae or continuous subsoil material.
COMPETING SERIES: Eda is the only series in the same family. Soils in similar families are the Aline, Aquilla, Dillwyn, Eufaula, Goltry and Goodnight series. Aline, Aquilla, Eufaula and Goltry soils have lamellae that total more than 15 cm thick. In addition, Aquilla and Eufaula soils have siliceous mineralogy. Eda soils are dry for longer periods. Dillwyn soils have an apparent water table at depths of 1 to 3 feet. Goodnight, soils do not have lamellae.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Derby soils are on nearly level to steep uplands in the Cross Timbers and Central Rolling Red Prairies. Slopes range from 0 to 35 percent. They formed in sandy eolian sediments of Pleistocene age on the first terrace above the flood plain on the north side of major rivers. Mean Annual Precipitation: 26 to 40 inches. Mean Annual Temperature: 58 to 63 degrees F. Thornthwaite Annual P-E indices: 44 to 64. Frost free days range from 200 to 230. Elevation ranges from 800 to 1300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Goodnight series and Amber, Gaddy, Minco, Paluxy and Yahola series. Amber soils have a coarse-silty control section and occur on flood plains. Gaddy soils are stratified, have an irregular decrease in organic matter, and occur on flood plains. Goodnight soils lock lamellae. Minco soils have a mollic epipedon, a coarse-silty control section, and occur on similar landscapes. Paluxy soils have a coarse-loamy control section and occur on similar landscapes. Yahola soils have a coarse-loamy control section, an irregular decrease in organic matter, and occur on flood plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained. Permeability is rapid. Runoff is negligible on 0 to 5 percent slopes, very low on 5 to 20 percent slopes, and low on slopes greater than 20 percent.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for rangeland. The more gentle slopes are cultivated to small grains or improved pasture. Native vegetation is savannah with an understory of tall grasses. Principle trees are post oak, blackjack oak, American elm, black walnut, chittamwood, and eastern redcedar. Principle grasses are little bluestem, purple top, paspalum, switchgrass, and sand dropseed.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Cross Timbers (MLRA 84A) and Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A) of Oklahoma. The series is not extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Payne County, Oklahoma; 1983.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly on the inactive list. They are included in the Derby and Eufaula series in some older published surveys.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 20 inches.
Albic horizon - the zone from 20 inches to a depth of 54 inches. Albic horizon and argillic horizons - the zone from 54 inches to a depth of 120 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Published report by Gray, Meksopon, and Peschel, 1974, Study of Some Physical and Chemical Properties of an Oklahoma Soil Profile with Clay-Iron Blends. Dept. of Agronomy, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. Also published in Soil Science, Vol. 122, No. 3. Also lab data number 79-OK-60-4 by Oklahoma State University.