LOCATION DENNIS OK+KS MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Aquic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Dennis silt loam, formerly cultivated field, in rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 28 centimeters (0 to 11 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; common wormcasts; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 38 centimeters (10 to 15 inches thick)
AB--28 to 33 centimeters (11 to 13 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; common very dark grayish brown wormcasts; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches thick)
BA--33 to 43 centimeters (13 to 17 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; common medium and fine faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redox depletion masses; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable in upper part, firm in lower part; few very dark grayish brown wormcasts; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 25 centimeters (3 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--43 to 56 centimeters (17 to 22 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; many medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redox concentration masses and common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redox depletion masses; few fine prominent redox concentration masses of yellowish red; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, firm; thin nearly continuous clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 20 centimeters (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bt2--56 to 76 centimeters (22 to 30 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and gray (10YR 6/1) redox depletion masses and common fine prominent yellowish red redox concentration masses; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; thin nearly continuous clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (13 to 31 centimeters (5 to 12 inches thick)
Bt3--76 to 91 centimeters (30 to 36 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; many medium and coarse distinct gray (10YR 6/1) redox depletion masses; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bt4--91 to 127 centimeters (36 to 50 inches); mixed yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and gray (10YR 6/1) clay, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and light gray (10YR 7/1) dry redox depletion and concentration masses; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark concretions; many soft black films and bodies; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches thick)
Bt5--127 to 173 centimeters (50 to 68 inches); mixed yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry and gray (10YR 6/1); redox depletion and concentration masses; silty clay loam; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark concretions; few soft black films and bodies; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 51 centimeters (0 to 20 inches thick)
C--173 to 198 centimeters (68 to 78 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) silty clay loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) dry; common distinct horizontal streaks of gray (10YR 6/1) redox depletion masses; weak horizontal lamination and thin seams of siltstone; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Rogers County, Oklahoma; about 0.8 kilometers 1/2 mile north of Claremore; 198 meters (650 feet) north and 149 meters (490 feet) east of the center of sec. 4, T. 21 N., R. 16 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Mollic thickness: 25 to 38 centimeters (10 to 15 inches)
Particle-size control section:
Clay content: 37 to 60 percent
Sand content: 5 to 25 percent
The combined thickness of the A horizons and E horizons is 38 centimeters (15 inches) or less.
A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Reaction: moderately acid or strongly acid
E horizon (when present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4
Chroma: 3
Texture: loam or silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid or strongly acid
BE horizon (when present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay loam or clay loam
Reaction: moderately acid to very strongly acid
Bt horizons (upper):
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Redox: common shades of gray, brown, yellow, or red
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Reaction: slightly acid to strongly acid.
Bt horizons (lower):
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 6 to 8
Redox: common shades of brown, red, gray, or yellow
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Reaction: slightly alkaline to moderately acid
BC and C horizon:
Hue : 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Redox: common shades of brown, red, gray, or yellow
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Some pedons contain weak laminations or bedding planes
Reaction: moderately alkaline to medium acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Eram and
Garton series.
Eram soils are moderately deep over shale.
Garton soils are on low stream terraces and have colors 7.5YR and redder in the lower Bt and C horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: nearly level to sloping uplands of the Cherokee Prairies.
Parent material: formed in material weathered from shale of Pennsylvanian age.
Slopes: range from 0 to 8 percent but are commonly 1 to 5 percent.
Mean annual temperature ranges from 14 to 17 degrees C. (57 degrees to 63 degrees F.)
Mean annual precipitation ranges from 94 to 117 centimeters (37 to 46 inches)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: greater than 64
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Bates,
Collinsville,
Okemah, and
Parsons series.
Okemah soils are on adjacent slightly concave areas.
Bates soils have a fine-loamy control section, have a thinner solum and are on slightly higher side slopes.
Collinsville soils lack an argillic horizon and have sandstone within 51 centimeters (20 inches) of the soil surface and are on slightly higher ridge crests and side slopes.
Parsons soils have an ochric epipedon, an abrupt change of texture from the A horizon to the Bt horizon and are on adjacent slightly concave areas.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: somewhat poorly drained
Runoff: low to high
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: very low (Based on water table depth populated in NASIS in Oklahoma and Kansas)
Episaturation: 30 to 76 centimeters (1 to 2.5 feet) below the soils surface for short periods of time, with a bottom depth of 152 to 244 centimeters (5 to 8 feet), during the months of December to April.(Based on redox features described in the AB(E)horizon and data population in NASIS in Oklahoma and Kansas)
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for growing crops.
Principal crops are small grains, sorghums, soybeans, and some cotton.
Some tame pasture are grown.
Lesser amounts are used for native range.
The native vegetation is tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Cherokee Prairies of southeastern Kansas, southwestern Missouri, and eastern Oklahoma. The soil is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wagoner County, Oklahoma; 1941.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 28 centimeters (0 to 11 inches) (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 43 to 173 centimeters (17 to 68 inches) (Bt horizon)
Aquic: presence of redoximorphic depletions within the upper 127 centimeters (50 inches) of the top of argillic horizon and aquic conditions for some time in most years
Soil Interpretative Record: Series OK0004
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Survey Investigation Report Number 11; May 1967.
Modified format by LRM in 1/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.