LOCATION COWETA             OK+MO
Established Series
Rev. RTM:JGF:CS
09/2006

COWETA SERIES


The Coweta series consists of shallow, well drained to somewhat excessively drained soils on uplands. These have formed in material weathered from residuum from sandstone interbedded with shale of Pennsylvanian age. These very gently sloping to steep soils are on broad smooth ridges in the Cherokee Prairies (MLRA 112). Slopes range from 1 to 30 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 104 centimeters (41 inches). Mean annual temperature is 16 degrees C. (61 degrees F.) at the type location.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, siliceous, superactive, thermic, shallow Typic Hapludolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Coweta loam--rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) loam, brown (7.5YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine and medium roots; few sandstone fragments; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 36 centimeters (4 to 14 inches) thick)

Bw--20 to 38 centimeters (8 to 15 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; common fine roots; 20 percent by volume of soft sandstone fragments less than 3 inches in diameter; 10 percent sandstone fragments 3 to 10 inches in diameter; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches) thick)

Cr--38 to 76 centimeters (15 to 30 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish red (5YR 5/8) soft sandstone interbedded with shale; strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Wagoner County, Oklahoma; about 18 kilometers (11 miles) northeast of Coweta; 625 meters (2,050 feet) west and 15 meters (50 feet) south of the northeast corner of sec. 29, T. 19 N., R. 15 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness and depth to soft sandstone bedrock: 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches)

A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam, gravelly loam, gravelly fine sandy loam, cobbly loam, cobbly fine sandy loam, stony fine sandy loam or stony loam
Coarse fragment content: 0 to 35 percent by volume
Coarse fragments less than 76mm in diameter: 0 to 20 percent by volume
Coarse fragments 76mm to 250mm in diameter: 0 to 30 percent by volume
Coarse fragments more than 250mm: 0 to 30 percent by volume
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Bw horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam, clay loam, gravelly loam, gravelly fine sandy loam, or gravelly clay loam
Coarse fragments content: 5 to 35 percent by volume
Coarse fragments less than 76mm in diameter: 5 to 30 percent by volume
Coarse fragments more than 76mm in diameter: 0 to 15 percent by volume
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Cr horizon:
Material: soft, acid sandstone usually interbedded with shale
Hardness: less than 3 (Mohs scale)
In some pedons, hard sandstone occurs between depths of 61 to 152 centimeters (24 and 60 inches)
Excavation difficulty: high

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: broad smooth upland ridges in the Cherokee Prairies
Slope: 1 to 30 percent
Parent material: residuum weathered from soft sandstone interbedded with shale of Pennsylvanian age
Climate: moist subhumid to humid
Mean annual precipitation: 94 to 114 centimeters (37 to 45 inches)
Mean annual air temperature: 14 to 17 degrees C. (57 to 63 degrees F.)
Thornthwaite P-E index: 64 to 80
Frost free days: 200 to 225

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bates, Collinsville, Dennis, Eram, Talihina, and Vinita soils.
Bates, Dennis, Eram, and Vinita soils are on lower slopes and they have an argillic horizon and a solum thicker than 51 centimeters (20 inches). Collinsville soils have a lithic contact within 51 centimeters (20 inches).
Talihina soils have more than 35 percent clay content in the control section.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well drained to somewhat excessively drained
Runoff: medium to very high
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately high

USE AND VEGETATION: Principal use is for rangeland.
Some areas are used for tame pasture on slopes less than 15 percent.
Small amounts are cultivated on slopes less than 5 percent.
Native vegetation is tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Oklahoma, possibly southeastern Kansas and southwestern Missouri. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wagoner County, Oklahoma; 1972.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this soil are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches) (the A horizon)
Cambic horizon: 20 to 38 centimeters (8 to 15 inches) (the Bw horizon)
Paralithic control: soft sandstone bedrock at a depth of 38 centimeters (15 inches)
Moisture Regime: Udic

These soils were formerly included in the Collinsville series.
Soil Interpretation Record: Series OK0108; Stony- OK0337; Gravelly- OK0426; Cobbly- OK0427

Modified format by LRM in 1/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.