LOCATION COSHOCTON OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquultic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Coshocton silt loam on a south-facing concave, 10 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 1120 feet above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; many roots; 5 percent shale fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
BA--7 to 10 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; 5 percent shale fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 14 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; common faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent shale fragments between 2 mm and 3 inches in length; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--14 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few roots; common faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and many fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 15 percent shale fragments less than 6 inches in length; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--17 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm; few roots; common faint and distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; many distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay depletions on vertical faces of prisms; few fine distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)iron depletions and common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; many dark concretions (iron and manganese oxides); 10 percent shale fragments less than 6 inches in length; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 12 to 35 inches.)
BC--27 to 46 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery loam; weak thick platy structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; very firm; few roots; few faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds; few fine distict light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and few fine distict yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; many dark concretions (iron and manganese oxides); 20 percent shale fragments less than 6 inches in length; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 24 inches thick)
C--46 to 58 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silty clay loam; massive; common medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matix; 30 percent shale fragments up to 6 inches in length; very strongly acid. (0 to 30 inches thick)
R--58 inches; fractured shale with thin beds of sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Coshocton County, Ohio; about 3 miles northwest of Fresno in White Eyes Township; North Appalachian Experimental Watershed, Agricultural Research Service; 170 feet south of Township Road 171d and 50 feet west of farm lane; about 1898 feet south and 330 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 5, T. 6 N., R. 5 W.; USGS Coshocton, Ohio topographic quadrangle; Latitude 40 degrees 22 minutes 4 seconds N. and Longitude 81 degrees 47 minutes 22 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum thickness ranges from 24 to 50 inches. Depth to soft bedrock or thinly bedded or fractured bedrock ranges from 40 to 84 inches, and hard bedrock is at depths greater than 7 feet. Rock fragments of shale, siltstone, or sandstone range from 2 to 20 percent in the Ap, A, and E horizons, 2 to 15 percent in the upper part of the Bt, 2 to 35 percent in the lower part and in the BC horizon, and 2 to 60 percent in the C horizon. In the very stony phase stones 10 inches to 4 feet across are 5 to 30 feet apart on 0.1 to 3.0 percent of the surface. The particle size control section averages 25 to 35 percent clay.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 (6 dry), and chroma of 2 to 4. Some pedons have an A horizon 1 to 4 inches thick that has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 (4 or 5 dry), and chroma of 2 to 4. The Ap or A horizon is silt loam, loam in the fine-earth fraction. It commonly is strongly acid to extremely acid but the Ap horizon ranges to neutral.
Some pedons have an E horizon up to 8 inches thick that has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. It has texture range of silt loam, loam or their channery analogues. It is strongly acid to extremely acid.
The BA or BE horizon is silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam in the fine-earth fraction and has colors similar to the Bt horizon.
The upper part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is silty clay loam, silt loam, loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam in the fine-earth fraction. A lithologic discontinuity and a stone line are present in some pedons at the base of this horizon. The lower part of the Bt (or 2Bt) horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 2 to 6; and common to many low and high chroma redoximorphic features. It is silty clay, silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, loam or their channery analogues. The Bt horizon is strongly acid to extremely acid.
The BC or 2BC horizon has similar color, texture, and reaction range as the lower part of the Bt horizon.
The C or 2C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 2 to 6; and few to common low and high chroma redoximorphic features. It is silty clay loam, silty clay, clay loam, loam, or their channery or very channery analogues. It is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bobtown and Sycoline series in the same family. Bobtown soils do not have fragments of shale, siltstone, or sandstone in the solum and contain less silt and more sand in the solum. Sycoline soils have a paralithic or lithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches and have coarse fragments of granulite or hornfelt. Series in closely related families include Blairton and Wharton. Blairton soils have base saturation of less than 35 percent and a paralithic contact within a depth of 40 inches. Wharton soils have base saturation of less than 35 percent.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Coshocton soils occur on hills and benches of unglaciated dissected uplands. They occupy interfluve, head slope,.side slope, nose slope and base slope landscape positions. Coshocton soils formed in loamy colluvium and residuum from Pennsylvanian interbedded shale, siltstone, sandstone and occasional thin strata of coal, coal underclay, and limestone. Slope ranges from 1 to 40 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from about 37 to 45 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from about 48 to 56 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Berks, Dekalb, Gilpin, Keene, Latham and Westmoreland soils. Berks and Dekalb soils are loamy-skeletal and moderately deep to bedrock and commonly are on interfluves, head slopes, nose slopes and side slopes. Gilpin soils are moderately deep to bedrock and occur on interfluves, head slopes, nose slopes and side slopes. Keene soils typically are on interfluves, formed in a silty mantle, and have a fine-silty particle size class. Latham soils have a fine particle size class, are moderately deep to shale bedrock and are on interfluves, head slopes, nose slopes and side slopes. All of these soils except for Keene and Latham lack low chroma iron depletions within the upper part of the argillic horizon. Additionally, all of these soils, except for Keene and Westmoreland, have lower base saturation at the critical depth (they are Ultisols). Keene and Westmoreland soils have higher base saturation at the critical depth. Westmoreland soils are commonly in complexes with Coshocton soils and occupy similar landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is moderately slow or slow (moderately high or moderately low Ksat class). Index surface runoff class ranges from low or medium where gently sloping up to high where steep. Depth to the top of an intermittent perched seasonal high water table is 1.5 to 2.5 feet between January and April in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: More than half of Coshocton soils are used for cropland. The remainder is used for pasture, forest, or is reverting to woodland. Corn, wheat, and mixed hay are the principal crops. The natural vegetation is deciduous hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Ohio. MLRA 124 and 126. The series is extensive, about 118,500 acres.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Little Mill Creek Watershed, Coshocton County, Ohio,
1940.
REMARKS: The 06/2000 revison included numerous changes made to all parts of OSD. Pedon description was updated to current redoximorphic feature terminology.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of about 10 inches (Ap and BA horizons)
argillic horizon - the zone from about 10 to 27 inches (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons)
Redoximorphic features at 14 to 58 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to sample pedon CS-5 (OSD type location) for characterization data. Other sampled pedons include CS-6, CS-30, MS-S5, and TU-W8. These samples were analyzed by the Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory, Columbus, Ohio.
Revised 3/89-DRM; 06/2000-DRM,LER; 02/2005-DHK