LOCATION CORRIGAN TX+LAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Albaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Corrigan fine sandy loam--forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky and granular structure; very friable, soft; common fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
E--4 to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky and granular structure; very friable, soft; common fine roots; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 17 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay; moderate fine angular blocky structure; very firm, extremely hard, sticky and very plastic; few 1 to 2 inch pressure faces; few clay films on faces of peds; common fine roots; common fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Bt2--17 to 24 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay; moderate fine angular blocky structure; very firm, extremely hard, sticky and very plastic; few small pressure faces; few clay films on faces of peds; few fine roots; few fine yellowish brown and yellowish red masses of iron accumulation; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Bt3--24 to 32 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; moderate fine angular blocky and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, extremely hard, sticky and very plastic; few clay films on faces of peds; root channels coated with olive gray (5Y 4/2) iron depletions; few small pressure faces; few fine roots; few fine and medium olive gray (5Y 5/2) iron depletions; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bt/C--32 to 36 inches; pale olive (5Y 6/3) clay and weakly consolidated volcanic tuff; weak medium angular blocky structure and massive; very firm, extremely hard, sticky and very plastic; few roots; few clay films; root channels and few ped faces coated with dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2); few medium olive gray (5Y 5/2) masses of iron accumulation; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 5 inches thick)
Cr--36 to 60 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) unconsolidated volcanic tuff; angular fracture faces coated with olive gray (5Y 5/2) and few streaks of dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2); massive; hardness less than 3 on Mohs scale; extremely acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Jasper County, Texas; from intersection of U. S. Highway 96 and Texas Highway 63 in Jasper, Texas; 10.1 miles northwest along Texas Highway 63; 3.2 miles north along River Ridge Road; 2.4 miles northeast along forest road to intersection; 100 feet east and 100 feet south of road intersection.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness and depth to paralithic contact ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Combined thickness of the A and the E horizon ranges from 3 to 14 inches. Base saturation by sum of cations is 60 percent or more directly above the paralithic contact.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. Where moist values are less than 3.5, the horizon is less than 6 inches thick. Texture is fine sandy loam or loam. Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The E horizon, where present has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2. Texture is fine sandy loam or loam. Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The the upper part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 (the low chroma is believed to be due primarily to lithology rather than wetness). Iron accumulations range from few to common in shades of red and brown. Clay content of the upper 20 inches of the Bt horizon average between 40 and 60 percent, but the upper few inches of the Bt horizon commonly ranges up to 70 percent clay. The COLE in the upper part of the Bt horizon is 0.09 to 0.14 but the potential linear extensibility is less than 6 cm in the upper 40 inches of the soil. Reaction is extremely acid to strongly acid.
The lower part of the Bt horizon, and the Bt/C horizon have hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 4. Iron depletions in shades of gray and olive range from few to common. Texture is clay or silty clay. Reaction is extremely acid to strongly acid.
The Cr horizon is weakly consolidated tuffaceous siltstone or mudstone that is bentonitic and contains volcanic ash, volcanic glass or other pyroclastic materials. Reaction is extremely acid to moderately acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Invershiel, Orange, and Pilgrims series in the same family, and the the Alusa, Anacoco, Arriola, Browndell, Colita, Crowley, Elmina, Goreen, Huntsburg, Katy, Nikful, Rayburn and Shalba series in closely related families. Invershiel, Orange, and Pilgrims all have higher chroma in the upper part of the argillic horizon. In addition, Invershiel soils are mmoderately acid to moderately alkaline in the Bt horizon and are underlain by marl. Pilgrims soils have a sandy ochric epipedon and have a lithic contact of limestone bedrock. Alusa and Katy soils have a solum thicker than 60 inches. Anacoco soils have a thicker solum and have a potential linear extensibility greater than 6 cm. Arriola and Rayburn soils have redder hue in the upper part of the solum. Browndell and Shalba soils have a solum less than 20 inches thick. Colita soils have a fine-loamy control section and have intrusions of albic material in the Bt horizon. Crowley soils have a thicker A horizon and are less acid in the lower Bt horizons. Elmina soils have a sandy epipedon greater than 20 inches thick. Goreen soils have base saturation less than 35 percent in the lower part of the solum. Huntsburg soils have mixed mineralogy. Nikful soils have a solum that is 40 to 60 inches thick and do not have an abrupt textural change between the at the top of the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Corrigan soils are on gently sloping uplands. Surfaces are mainly plain to convex. Slope gradients range from 1 to 5 percent. The soil formed in acid tuffaceous fine siltstone and sandstone. The climate is warm and humid. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 44 to 56 inches. The warm season precipitation is 30 to 35 inches. The mean annual temperature ranges from 66 to 70 degrees F. Frost free days range from 230 to 250 days and elevation ranges from 100 to 550 feet, and the Thornthwaite P-E index exceeds 72.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the closely related Anacoco, Browndell, Nikful, and Rayburn series, and the Kisatchie, Kitterll, Letney, Tahoula and Tehran series. Anacoco soils are on slightly lower positions and are typically on gentler slopes. Browndell and Kitterll soils are on associated mid and lower slopes that are convex. Kisatchie soils are on slightly higher, better drained, more sloping positions. Letney and Tehran soils are on similar positions but have a sandy epipedon more than 20 inches thick, and have a fine-loamy control section. Nikful soils are on lower landscape positions. Rayburn soils are on slightly higher convex positions. Tahoula soils are on similar positions but are clayey throughout, and do not have an argillic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is high on slopes up to 1 percent, and very high on slopes more than 1 percent. Permeability is very slow. A saturated zone is perched above the Bt horizon following heavy rains.
USE AND VEGETATION: Use is for woodland and grazing of livestock. Vegetation is longleaf, shortleaf, and loblolly pines with mixed hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Coastal Plain (MLRA 133B) in east Texas and in Louisiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Little Rock, Arkansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jasper County, Texas; 1980.
REMARKS: Series classification change from Typic Albaqualfs to Albaquic Hapludalfs is due to interpretation of low chroma matrix as primarily lithochromic. However, the perched saturated zone above the argillic horizon following heavy rains is thought to cause some reduction of iron contributing partially to the gray matrix colors. Field observations, landscape position, presence of oxidation and reduction mottles and climate indicate the soil is moderately well drained.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon ---- 0 to 8 inches (A and E horizons)
Albic horizon ------ 4 to 8 inches (E horizon)
Argillic horizon --- 8 to 36 inches (Bt and Bt/C horizons)
Aquic conditions --- 4 to 17 inches (E and Bt1 horizons)
Paralithic contact - 36 inches (top of the Cr horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lincoln Lab No. 69L193-69L201 of this soil with slightly different morphology near the type location. Chemical and physical analyses were run by Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station on the survey area typical pedon from Sabine Parish, Louisiana and are published in the Soil Survey of Sabine Parish, Louisiana (S87LA-085-23). Fertility analyses were run by Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station on the survey area typical pedon from Vernon Parish, Louisiana (S91LA-115-002).