LOCATION CORNICK            OK

Established Series
Rev. RFG:RDG:CS:WJG
10/2003

CORNICK SERIES

The Cornick series consists of shallow or very shallow, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy residuum over gypsum bedrock of Permian age. These soils are on nearly level to strongly sloping hills and ridges in the eastern edge of the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the western part of the Central Rolling Red Prairies (80A). Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 29 inches. Mean annual temperature is 61 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Lithic Haplustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Cornick silt loam-on a 7 percent slope in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 11 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2), moist; 20 percent clay; weak coarse prismatic parting to weak fine subangular blocky parting to moderate medium granular structure; very friable, soft; common very fine, common fine, and common medium roots; common very fine, common fine, and common medium pores; 1 percent fine carbonate masses; 3 percent medium worm casts; 2 percent subangular strongly cemented 2 to 20 millimeter gypsum fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 17 inches thick)

R--11 to 40 inches; white (5YR 8/1) strongly cemented gypsum bedrock; mass is noncalcareous, seams are calcareous; very high excavation difficulty.

TYPE LOCATION: Custer County, Oklahoma; about 1 mile west and 2 miles south of Weatherford; from the intersection of U.S. Interstate 40 and Oklahoma State Highway 54, about 2 miles south on Highway 54 then 450 feet west in rangeland; about 450 feet west and 250 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 25, T. 12 N., R. 15 W. Latitude: 35 degrees, 29 minutes, 33.4 seconds N; Longitude: 98 degrees, 43 minutes, 50.3 seconds W. Crowder Lake, OK topographic quadrangle; NAD 1983.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 15 to 27 percent
CEC/clay ratio: more than 0.6

Depth to lithic contact: 5 to 20 inches

A Horizon

Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 (3 moist)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or loam
Clay content: 15 to 27 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
EC (dS/m): 0 to 2
Gypsum: 0 to 3 percent
Effervescence: noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: moderately alkaline

C Horizon (where present)

Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 8
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: noncemented weathered gypsum
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 15 percent
EC (dS/m): 0 to 2
Gypsum: 30 to 90 percent
Effervescence: noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Cr Horizon (where present)

Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 8
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: slightly to moderately weathered gypsum bedrock that is extremely weakly to moderately cemented

R Horizon

Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 8
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: unweathered gypsum bedrock that is strongly to very strongly cemented

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Renish and Shidler series in the same family. Similar soils are the Acme, Cottonwood, and the Vinson series.
Acme soils: These soils are more than 80 inches to gypsum bedrock.
Cottonwood soils: These soils have an ochric epipedon.
Renish soils: These soils formed over hard sandstone bedrock.
Shidler soils: These soils formed over limestone bedrock.
Vinson soils: These soils are 20 to 40 inches to gypsum bedrock.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy residuum over gypsum bedrock of Permian age; primarily the Moccasin Creek bed of the Cloud Chief formation and the Weatherford bed of the Rush Springs formation (Whitehorse Group).
Landform: nearly level to strongly sloping hills and ridges in the eastern edge of the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the western part of the Central Rolling Red Prairies (80A).
Slope: 0 to 12 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 59 to 63 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation range: 26 to 32 inches
Frost-free period: 200 to 225 days
Elevation: 1200 to 1800 feet
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 40 to 48

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cordell, St. Paul, Quinlan, Woodward, and Vinson soils.
Cordell soils: These soils are formed from red siltstone and occur on similar areas.
Quinlan and Woodward soils: These soils are formed from soft red sandstone and occur on similar areas.
St. Paul soils: These soils are very deep, have argillic horizons, and occur on broad flats.
Vinson soils: These soils are more than 20 inches to gypsum bedrock and occur on similar areas.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; Permeability is moderate in the A horizon and very slow in the gypsum bedrock; Runoff is high on less than 1 percent slopes and very high on 1 to 12 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly native range. The native vegetation is mid and short grasses, mainly sideoats grama, bluegrama and little bluestem.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern edge of the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the western part of the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A) of Oklahoma and possibly in adjacent areas of Kansas and Texas; moderate extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Custer County, Oklahoma; 1973.

REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Record: Series OK0018

Mollic epipedon- the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 11 inches (the A horizon).

lithic contact- at 11 inches. The bulk density is high enough to be root restrictive. This material has high to very high excavation difficulty.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.