LOCATION COLLAMER NY PAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, semiactive, mesic Glossaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Collamer silt loam in a hay field on a 2 percent slope. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise noted.)
Ap-- 0 to 30 centimeters (0.0 to 11.8 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), dry; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; common fine roots; neutral, pH 7.1, Bromthymol blue; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick.)
E/B-- 30 to 46 centimeters (11.8 to 18.1 inches); 70 percent brown (10YR 5/3) broken face and 30 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) interior silt loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; neutral, pH 6.7, Bromthymol blue; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick.)
Bt/E-- 46 to 58 centimeters (18.1 to 22.8 inches); 90 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) B material, 5 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) broken face E material, and 5 percent brown (10YR 5/3) broken face E material, silt loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; 10 percent faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2),moist, clay films on surfaces along pores; neutral, pH 6.9, Bromthymol blue; gradual wavy boundary.(3 to 11 inches thick.)
Bt1-- 58 to 84 centimeters (22.8 to 33.1 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots in cracks; 35 percent distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds; 15 percent fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), moist, masses of reduced iron and 15 percent medium and coarse prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron; slightly alkaline, pH 7.2, Phenol red; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 24 inches thick.)
C1-- 84 to 114 centimeters (33.1 to 44.9 inches); 80 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and 20 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; massive; friable; slightly alkaline, pH 7.7, Phenol red; clear wavy boundary.
C2-- 114 to 183 centimeters (44.9 to 72.0 inches); 80 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), 10 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), and 10 percent brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; massive; friable; strong effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; slightly alkaline, pH 8.0, Phenol red.
TYPE LOCATION: Ontario County, New York; Town of Geneva, 1,725 feet (526 meters) east of Ontario County Route 6 and 2,350 feet (716 meters) northeast of the intersection of Ontario County Route 6 and Ontario County Route 4. USGS Phelps, NY topographic quadrangle; Latitude 42 degrees, 52 minutes, 56 seconds N. and Longitude 77 degrees, 00 minutes, 18 seconds W. NAD 1983.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of solum ranges from 24 through 52 inches (61 through 132 centimeters). Bedrock is deeper than 60 inches (152 centimeters). Depth to carbonates ranges from 20 through 72 inches (51 through 183 centimeters). Rock fragments range from 0 to 5 percent throughout, however in some pedons that are underlain with till rock fragment content ranges up to 35 percent by volume below a depth of 40 inches (102 centimeters). Reaction ranges from strongly acid through neutral in surface layer and upper part of the subsoil, moderately acid through slightly alkaline in the lower part of the subsoil, and is slightly acid through moderately alkaline in the substratum.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or silt loam. It has weak or moderate granular or subangular blocky structure. Consistence is very friable or friable.
In some pedons, an E horizon is present. It has hue of 5YR through 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 through 4. It normally has common or many high chroma redoximorphic features. Texture of the fine-earth fraction ranges from fine sandy loam through silt loam. It is massive, or has weak platy or subangular blocky structure. Consistence ranges from very friable through firm.
The E/B and B/E horizons have E horizon-like material on exteriors of peds and are like the Bt horizon in interior of peds. The B/E horizon has few through many redoximorphic concentrations with chroma of 3 or more.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 3 through 6, above 30 inches (76 centimeters) and chroma of 2 through 6 below 30 inches (76 centimeters). It has few through many, low chroma redoximorphic depletions and high chroma redoximorphic concentrations. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is silt loam or silty clay loam, except individual thin subhorizons range from fine sandy loam through silty clay. It has weak through moderate subangular blocky, angular blocky, or prismatic structure.
A BC horizon is present in some pedons. It has hue of 5YR through 2.5Y. It has weak or moderate platy or prismatic structure.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 through 6. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is silty clay loam through stratified silt and very fine sand.
Some pedons, below a depth of 40 inches (102 centimeters), have a 2C horizon with textures of gravelly loam through channery silty clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: Currently there are no other soils in this family.
The Amboy, Cazenovia, Conesus, Hilton, Honeoye, Hudson, Jonesboro, Lansing, Lima, Ontario, Schoharie, Scio, Unadilla, and Williamson series are similar soils in related families. Amboy, Scio, Unadilla, and Williamson soils have coarse-silty particle-size control sections and lack argillic horizons. Cazenovia, Conesus, Hilton, Honeoye, Lansing, Lima, and Ontario soils have fine-loamy particle size control sections. Hudson and Schoharie soils have fine particle-size control sections. Jonesboro soils are more than 60 inches to the base of the argillc and have a superactive CEC activity class.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Collamer soils are nearly level to moderately steep with slope ranging from 0 through 25 percent. These soils developed in calcareous lake laid silt and very fine sand deposits. They are on glacial lake plains and on till plains that have a moderately thick mantle of glacio-lacustrine sediments. Mean annual temperature ranges from 45 through 51 degrees F (7 through 11 degrees C). Mean annual precipitation ranges from 26 through 40 inches (66 through 102 centimeters), and annual frost-free season ranges from 130 through 200 days. Elevation ranges from 95 through 1700 feet (29 through 518 meters) above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Collamer soils are in a drainage sequence with the well drained Dunkirk, the somewhat poorly drained Niagara, and the poorly drained and very poorly drained Canandaigua soils. Other associated soils are the Alton, Amboy, Arkport, Colonie, Howard, Hudson, Palmyra, Schoharie, and Sodus soils. Alton, Howard, and Palmyra soils are on adjacent gravelly terraces. Amboy soils have a fragipan. Arkport and Colonie soils are in nearby deltaic deposits that have a higher sand content. Sodus soils are on adjacent glacial till plains.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is low to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the mineral surface layer and upper part of the subsoil, and moderately slow to high in the lower part of the subsoil and substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cleared and used for growing hay, small grains, corn, vegetable crops, small fruits or pasture. Woodlots contain sugar maple, red oak, black cherry, basswood, hickory, and other hardwood trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Erie-Ontario plain of New York and Pennsylvania and the Mohawk, Hudson, and Champlain Valleys of New York as well as smaller north flowing tributary valleys to these major lowlands. MLRA 101, 140, 142, and 144A. The series is of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Monroe County, New York, 1933.
REMARKS: A new typical pedon has been selected due to the uncertainty in interpreting the old typical pedon description.
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typical pedon are:
(1.) Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 30 centimeters (0.0 to 11.8 inches) (Ap horizon).
(2.) Argillic horizon - the zone from 46 to 84 centimeters (18.1 to 33.1 inches) (Bt/E and Bt horizons).
(3.) Glossic properties- the zone from 46 to 58 centimeters (18.1 to 22.8 inches) (Bt/E horizon).
(4.) Udic soil moisture regime.
(5.) CEC activity class of semi-active from preponderance of lab data for the Dunkirk-Collamer-Niagara catena.
(6) This pedon sampled as S07NY069048 and run through NSSC lab.