LOCATION COHOCTAH MI+IL IN MN NY OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Cohoctah loam, on a slope of less than 1 percent in a wooded area at an elevation of 620 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 13 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 24 inches thick)
Bg1--13 to 21 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium distinct very dark brown (10YR 2/2) organic stains on vertical faces of peds; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bg2--21 to 33 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
Bg3--33 to 40 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bg4--40 to 56 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron oxide accumulation throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 30 to 50 inches.)
2Cg1--56 to 72 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sand; single grain; loose; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2Cg2--72 to 80 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) coarse sand; single grain; loose; 10 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Ottawa County, Michigan; about 4 1/2 miles east of Pearline; 2,440 feet east and 320 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 22, T. 7 N., R 13 W.; U.S.G.S. Grandville topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 58 minutes 25.8 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 50 minutes 7.35 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 594963 easting and 4758570 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 24 inches. The percent of silt plus twice the percent of clay averages greater than 30 percent in the particle-size control section.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is loam, silt loam, sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or mucky very fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
The Bg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, or is neutral; value of 2 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 4. Some pedons have buried A horizons. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loam, or their mucky analogues. Some pedons contain thin layers or lenses of sand, fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or silt loam. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 10 percent gravel. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to moderately alkaline.
The Cg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, or is neutral; value of 2 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 2. Some pedons have buried A horizons. Texture is fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or coarse sand, with thin strata of sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 10 percent gravel. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Similar soils are the Ceresco, Gilford, Glendora, Lyles, and Sloan series. Ceresco soils do not have dominant gray colors just below the mollic epipedon. Gilford and Lyles soils have a regular decrease in organic matter content with increasing depth. Glendora soils have a sandy particle-size control section. Sloan soils have a fine-loamy particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cohoctah soils formed in loamy alluvial deposits in abandoned drainageways and depressions on flood plains. Slope gradients range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 46 to 52 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 40 inches, frost-free period ranges from 130 to 170 days, and elevation ranges from 580 feet to 1,150 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Abscota, Algansee, Ceresco, Glendora, Landes, Shoals, and Sloan soils. The somewhat poorly drained Ceresco soils and the well drained Landes soils are in a drainage sequence with the Cohoctah soils. The moderately well drained Abscota soils are on higher rises, the somewhat poorly drained Algansee soils are on slightly higher rises, and the poorly drained or very poorly drained Glendora soils are on similar landforms and are commonly on the same flood plain but have a sandy particle-size control sections. The somewhat poorly drained Shoals soils are on slightly higher positions and the very poorly drained Sloan soils are on similar landforms; both have fine-loamy particle-size control sections and commonly are on the same flood plain.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained or very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is very low or negligible. Permeability is moderately rapid. The soil is commonly flooded for brief to long periods of time from November to May. The depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from near the surface to 1 foot below the surface from September to May in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: A small part has adequate artificial drainage, and is under cultivation. Corn is the principal crop and some is in legume-grass hay. The main part is in permanent pasture, woodland, or brush. The native vegetation is red maple, white ash, swamp white oak, American elm, alder, and quaking aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mostly in MLRAs 97, 98, 99, 101, and 103 in southern Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, New York, Ohio, and Minnesota. The soils are of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ionia County, Michigan, 1965.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - from the surface to 13 inches (A horizon); cambic horizon - from 13 to 56 inches (Bg horizon); aquic conditions - redoximorphic features immediately below the mollic epipedon and in all horizons between 13 and 80 inches. Aquic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Transect data (T99-MI-006) is on file in MLRA project office, Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 60 percent Cohoctah soils, 20 percent Algansee soils, and 20 percent Abscota soils. This transect made at the site of the typical pedon supports the predominance of sandy textures in the lower part of the series control section. Transects made in this map unit during the Pulaski County, Indiana soil survey subset update also supports predominantly sandy textures in the lower part of the series control section. Therefore the series was revised to include these textures below 40 inches.