LOCATION CHUTE IL+IAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Typic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Chute loamy fine sand - on an east-facing convex slope of 35 percent in a wooded area at an elevation of 520 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loamy fine sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few very fine roots; few brown (10YR 4/3) soil fragments and worm casts; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
AC--4 to 11 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine roots; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic coatings on faces of peds; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
C--11 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine sand; single grain; loose; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Peoria County, Illinois; about 6 1/2 miles west of Peoria; 300 feet east and 1,400 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 28, T. 9 N., R. 7 E. USGS Peoria West quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 44 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 089 degrees 43 minutes 03 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum typically is less than 15 inches in thick and corresponds to the thickness of the A and AC horizons.
The upper part of the series control section (A, Ap or AC horizon) has hue of 10YR. The A or Ap horizon has value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 2 or 3. In eroded pedons, the Ap horizon has value of 3 to 6 and chroma of 3 or 4. The AC horizon has value and chroma of 3 to 6. The A or Ap horizons are loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, fine sand or sand. The AC horizon is loamy fine sand or fine sand. Reaction is neutral to moderately alkaline.
The lower part of the series control section (C horizon) has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. It typically is fine sand, but is loamy fine sand or sand marginal to fine sand in some pedons. The C horizon contains carbonates and is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Acquango (T), Aldo (T), Bigapple (T), Biltmore, Boplain (T), Caesar, Dabney, Hodge, Oakville, Osolo, Pahuk, Penwood, Perks, Pinegrove, Plainfield, Sardak, Sarpy, Scotah (T), Spessard, Suncook, Tyner, and Windsor series. Acquango (T) soils have salinity throughout the soil profile. Aldo (T) and Scotah (T) soils are saturated with water at depths of 40 to 72 inches. Bigapple (T) soils have anthrotransported material in the upper part of the series control section. Biltmore, Caesar, Dabney, Oakville, Osolo, Penwood, Pahuk, Plainfield, Perks, Pinegrove, Spessard, Suncook, Tyner, and Windsor soils are more acid than neutral in some part of the soil profile and do not have carbonates in the lower part of the series control section. Boplain (T) soils have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Hodge, Sarpy and Sardak soils have stratification in the soil profile and formed in alluvium on flood plains. In addition, Hodge soils average more than 10 percent silt plus clay in the particle-size control section and Sarpy soils have more medium and coarse sand in the soil profile.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Chute soils are on steep slopes along the face of bluffs, on knobs on top of bluffs, or on dunes or hills behind the bluffs along the valleys of rivers and large streams, or on high stream terraces near large stream valleys. They formed in oxidized and unleached eolian sand. Slope gradients range from 5 to 60 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from about 48 to 52 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from about 30 to 40 inches, frost free period ranges from 160 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 400 to 1300 feet above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the well drained Bold, Hamburg, Seaton, and Timula soils. Hamburg soils are on similar knobs on top of the bluffs or on steep hills along the side of the river valleys. Bold, Hamburg, Seaton, and Timula soils all have lower content of sand and higher content of silt in the control section and are on nearby upland landforms.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained. The potential for surface water runoff is medium. Permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used as pasture or woodland. Some of the less sloping areas are used to grow corn, small grain, and legume meadow. Native vegetation is thin stands of short prairie grasses, sandburs, and hardwood trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Illinois and Iowa. Extent is small in MLRA's 105, 107,108 and 115.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Henderson County, Illinois, 1949.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of about 11 inches (A horizon and AC horizon); more than 5 percent weatherable minerals.