LOCATION CHEROKEE KS+AR MO OKEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Typic Albaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Cherokee silt loam cultivated. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), crushed silt loam; weak medium granular structure; soft, very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Al--6 to 12 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) crushed, silt loam; common fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate coarse platy structure parting to moderate coarse granular; soft, very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores and common coarse moderate continuity tubular pores; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
E-12 to 15 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) crushed, silt loam; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist irregular mottles throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; soft, very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
2Btgl--15 to 26 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) exterior, silty clay loam; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm; common very fine roots between peds; common very fine low continuity tubular pores; many faint continuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; few fine rounded black (N 2/0) hard iron-manganese concretions pedogenic throughout; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
3Btg2--26 to 31 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) crushed, silty clay; common coarse prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky; extremely hard, very firm; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine moderate continuity tubular pores; common distinct continuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
3Btg3--31 to 35 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) crushed, silty clay; common fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine moderate continuity tubular pores; few faint continuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common medium rounded very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) soft clay bodies pedogenic throughout and few medium rounded white (10YR 8/1) soft nests of gypsum pedogenic throughout; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
3Btg4--35 to 42 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) crushed, silty clay loam; common fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) moist irregular mottles throughout; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores; few faint discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and few distinct continuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist, silt coats in root channels and/or pores; few medium rounded white (10YR 8/1) soft nests of gypsum pedogenic throughout; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
3Btg5/E--42 to 54 inches; dark grayish browm (10YR 4/2) exterior, silty clay loam; common fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; common very and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores;few faint discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist clay films on vertical faces of peds and few distinct continuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist, silt coats in root channels and/or pores; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
3Btg6/E--54 to 69 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) exterior, silty clay loam; common coarse prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout and common coarse prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores; few faint continuous grayish brown (10YR 5/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and few distinct continuous dark grayish brown(10YR 4/2) moist silt coats in root channels and/or pores; common fine rounded black (N 2/0) soft iron/manganese concretions pedogenic throughout; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
3Btg7/E--69 to 86 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) exterior, silty clay loam; common coarse prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout and common fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4.) moist irregular mottles throughout; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable; few very fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine moderate continuity tubular pores; few faint discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and few distinct continuous grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist, silt coats in root channels and/or pores; common fine rounded black (N 2/0) soft iron/manganese concretions pedogenic throughout and few medium irregular brown (10YR 5/3) soft clay bodies pedogenic in cracks; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
3Btg8/E--86 to 97 inches; 80 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) exterior, and 15 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), exterior, and 5 percent strong brown (7.5 YR 4/6), exterior, silty clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; extremely hard, firm; few very fine roots throughout; common very fine low continuity tubular pores; few faint discontinuous grayish brown (10YR 5/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and few prominent continuous black (N 2/0) moist, manganese or ironmanganese stains on vertical faces of peds; 10 percent light gray (10YR 7/1) silt deposits filling cracks; very strongly acid. (0 to 20 inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Crawford County, Kansas; about 1 mile southwest of Hallowell; 1000 feet east and 200 feet north of the southwest corner of 17-33S-22E; 37 degrees 9 minutes 54 seconds north , 95 degrees 1 minute 36 seconds west.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is aquic
Depth to abrupt textural change: 10 to 20 inches
Depth to albic horizon: 4 to 10 inches
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 20 inches
Depth to redox concentrations: 4 to 16 inches
Depth to episaturation: 10 to 20 inches from January to May
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 35 to 60 percent
Sand content: 2 to 10 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, 4 to 7 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Base saturation: 60 to 90 percent
Reaction: 4.5 to 7.3
E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, 6 to 8 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features: none to many iron accumulations in shades of brown, yellow, or red, none to many iron-manganese concretions, none to many iron stains in root channels and/or pores in shades of brown, none to common soft iron concretions in shades of brown
Texture: silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Base saturation: 55 to 90 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral (4.5 to 7.3 pH)
2Btg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features: few to many iron accumulations in shades of brown, yellow, or red, none to few iron-manganese concretions, none to common soft masses of iron-manganese
Texture: clay, silty clay
Clay content: 30 to 60 percent
Base saturation: 45 to 90 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0 pH)
3Btg horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features: few to many iron accumulations in shades of brown, yellow, or red, none to common iron-manganese concretions, none to common soft masses of iron-manganese, none to common black stains
Texture: clay, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay loam
Clay content: 30 to 60 percent
Base saturation: 45 to 90 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0 pH)
3Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR
Value: 5
Chroma: 8
Texture: silty clay
Clay content: 30 to 60 percent
Base saturation: 45 to 90 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to moderately acid (5.1 to 6.0 pH)
4Btg horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features: few to many iron accumulations in shades of brown or yellow, none to common soft masses of iron-manganese, none to common black stains
Texture: clay, silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 30 to 65 percent
Base saturation: 75 to 90 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral (4.5 to 7.3 pH)
4Bt horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 3 to 8
Redoximorphic features: none to common iron accumulations in shades of brown or yellow, none to common soft masses of iron-manganese
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content: 30 to 65 percent
Reaction: 5.1 to 6.0
C horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features: none to common iron accumulations in shades of brown or yellow, none to common soft masses of iron-manganese
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Reaction: 4.5 to 7.3
COMPETING SERIES:
Meggett: contains more sand and less silt throughout
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: eolian sediments and alluvium
Landscape: River Valleys
Landform: terraces, upland benches, or in head of drains
Slopes: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual temperature: 57 to 65 degrees F
Mean annual precipitation: 35 to 45 inches
Annual Thornthwaite's P.E. Index: ranges from 64 to 80
Frost-free period: 190 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Alusa (OK): have smectitic mineralogy
Barden (MO): have thicker, dark colored surface horizons and are better drained
Dennis (KS): have thicker, dark colored surface horizons and are better
Hepler (KS): are commonly flooded, have less clay in the argillic horizon and a thicker, darker colored A horizon
Leanna (KS): have a mollic epipedon
Lightning: do not have an abrupt textural change
Medoc (MO): have a brown subsoil within 75 cm of the soil surface
Opolis (MO): are moderately well drained
Parsons (OK): have a mollic epipedon
Taloka (OK): have a mollic epipedon
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Somewhat poorly
Permeability: very slow
Runoff: low.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cultivated with sorghum, wheat, and soybeans the principal crops. Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses with a few deciduous trees, especially in the eastern extent of the series.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Kansas, northwestern Arkansas, southwestern Missouri, and northeastern Oklahoma. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cherokee County, Kansas, 1912.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: The zone from 15 to 35 inches. (Btg, 2Btg, and 3Btg horizons)
Ochric epipedon: The zone from 0 to 12 inches. (Ap and A1 horizons)
Albic horizon: The zone from 12 to 15 inches. (E horizon)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 15 to 35 inches (Bt horizon).
Redoximorphic concentrations: In the zone from 15 to 97 inches. (Btg, 2Btg, 3Btg1, 3Btg2, 3Btg3/E, 3Btg4/E, 3Btg5/E, and 4Btg horizons)
Episaturation: The zone of saturation at 12 to 15 inches. (E horizons)
Abrupt textural change: At the upper boundary of the Btg horizon.
Lithologic discontinuity: At the upper boundary of the Btg horizon.
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by lab sample(s) numbers 94KS021001, 93MO097003.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eighth Edition, 1998
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Series T Value: 3
Surface Kw value: .43 or .49
Surface Wind Erodibility Group: 5 or 6
Surface Wind Erodibility Index: 56 or 48