LOCATION CHAYSON ID+NVEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Durixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Chayson loam -- on a northwest-facing slope of 2 percent under rangeland vegetation at 5,730 feet elevation. (Colors are for air dry soil unless otherwise stated. When described on July 15, 1982, the soil profile was dry.)
A--0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium platy structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; mildly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--4 to 11 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; mildly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 13 inches thick)
Bt2--11 to 22 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; mildly alkaline (pH 7.7); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 17 inches thick)
Bk--22 to 29 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 20 percent duripan gravel size fragments; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 21 inches thick)
Bkqm--29 to 60 inches; white (10YR 8/2) fractured duripan, light gray (10YR 7/2) moist; massive, extremely hard, extremely firm; many continuous indurated laminations throughout the duripan; intermittent layers of noncemented material occur at intervals of 8 to 24 inches; fractures are about 1/4 inch wide, about 14 inches apart and contain few very fine roots; violently effervescent.
TYPE LOCATION: Twin Falls County, Idaho; about 23 miles southwest of Rogerson, Idaho; in the southeast 1/4, northwest 1/4, southeast 1/4 of section 3, T. 15 S., R 12 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mollic epipedon thickness - 10 to 17 inches.
Depth to secondary lime - 8 to 30 inches.
Depth to duripan - 20 to 40 inches.
Depth to bedrock - 45 inches or more.
Average annual soil temperature - 42 to 46 degrees F.
A horizon.
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma - 2 or 3 dry or moist.
Gravel - 0 to 10 percent.
Reaction - mildly to moderately alkaline.
Bt horizons.
Value - 4 through 6 dry, 2 through 4 moist.
Chroma - 2 through 4 dry or moist.
Texture - CL, GR-CL, GR-L, L, SICL, GR-SICL, SIL.
Clay content - 24 to 34 percent.
Gravel - 0 to 25 percent.
Cobbles - 0 to 5 percent.
Reaction - mildly alkaline to moderately alkaline.
Bk horizon.
Value - 5 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist.
Chroma - 2 through 4.
Texture - CL, GR-CL, GR-L, GRV-L.
Clay content - 15 to 34 percent.
Gravel - 0 to 35 percent.
Cobbles - 0 to 5 percent.
Reaction - moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent - 15 to 30 percent.
Bkqm horizon.
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value - 7 or 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma - 2 through 4 dry or moist.
Distance between fractures - 8 to 20 inches.
Width of fractures - 1/4 to 1/2 inch.
Thickness of duripan layers - 8 to 24 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Ibola (T) and Northcastle (T) series. Ibola and Northcastle soils lack lime in the profile.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Chayson soils are on terraces, benches, tablelands, plugdomes, and buttes. The slopes range from 1 to 15 percent. The soils formed in mixed alluvium and loess from extrusive rocks and volcanic ash. Elevations are 5,000 to 6,050 feet. The average annual precipitation is 12 to 16 inches. The average annual temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free period is 70 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Acord, Aninto (T), Chen, Bancy, Budlewis, Howcree (T), Hutchley (T), Merlin, Oshone (T), Paynecreek (T), Tanner, and Vipont soils. Acord, Aninto, and Howcree soil are very deep and have a clayey-skeletal control section. Chen soils are shallow to bedrock. Bancy soils are shallow to a duripan. Budlewis, Merlin, Oshone (T), and Tanner soils have fine control sections. Paynecreek (T) soils are deep and very deep. Vipont soils are moderately deep to bedrock and have a pachic mollic epipedon. Acord, Aninto, Bancy, Budlewis, Howcree (T), Oshone, and Tanner soils are on terraces. Bancy, Budlewis, Oshone, and Tanner soils are generally on lower terraces. Howcree (T) soils are on higher terraces. Chen, Hutchley (T), and Vipont soils are on mountainsides. Paynecreek (T) soils are on dissected stream terraces.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, medium runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Chayson soils are used mainly for rangeland, wildlife habitat, and dry cropland. Dominant natural vegetation is Idaho fescue, western wheatgrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, mountain big sagebrush, and basin big sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South central Idaho and northern Nevada. Chayson soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Reno, Nevada
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cassia County, Idaho, 1986.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to 11 inches (A and Bt1 horizons)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 4 to 22 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Calcic horizon - the zone from 22 to 29 inches (Bk horizon)
Duripan - the zone from 29 to 60 inches (Bkqm horizon)
Particle-size control section - the zone from 4 to 29 inches (Bt1, Bt2, and Bk horizons)
Base saturation: 0 to 3 inches - 75 percent; 3 to 12 inches - 81 percent; 12 to 20 inches - 89 percent
The superactive cation exchange activity class was added in 03/2003 to the taxonomic classification by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the Reno MLRA office, without review of the soil series property data. The remainder of this document has not been updated.